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特朗普国情咨文难弥政治裂痕

2019-02-06 18:37:00    新华网

新华社华盛顿2月5日电(国际观察)特朗普国情咨文难弥政治裂痕

新华社记者徐剑梅 孙丁 刘阳

美国总统特朗普5日晚在国会发表任内第二份国情咨文,主题为“选择伟大”。他继续力推加强边境管控等在美国国内颇具争议性的政策,同时声称要谋求跨党派合作、打破党争带来的政治僵局。

分析人士指出,虽然特朗普讲话基调着眼“团结”,但在分裂加剧的华盛顿政治圈,他释放的这一信号恐难以落实。

团结不易

特朗普当晚演讲历时约一个半小时。他上来就强调团结的重要性,表示自己将提出的议程不是共和党或民主党的议程,而是“美国人民的议程”。特朗普呼吁淡化党派纷争、选择“政治妥协”而不是“政治复仇”,但看起来效果差强人意。

当特朗普追溯二战、阿波罗登月等美国昔日荣光,向二战老兵、抗癌女孩等致敬,提及美国目前女性就业人口数量、女性国会议员数量均创历史新高时,会场出现两党议员共同鼓掌的情形。

但“团结”场面仅止于此。当特朗普开始宣示政绩和阐释未来施政方向时,两党议员的现场反应截然不同:共和党议员起立鼓掌之时,民主党议员往往一脸冷漠地端坐席上,也鲜有鼓掌。

尽管特朗普强调“团结”的重要性,但涉及具体政策时,却把最多篇幅用于两党当前最为对立的话题,即修建美墨边境墙问题上。他在演讲中重申美墨边境“非常危险”,指责非法移民给美国带来犯罪、贩毒、人口走私等危害,并再度强调“要把墙造起来”。此外,他继续指责“通俄”调查具有党派色彩。美国有线电视新闻网评论指出,这番反差让人难以相信他真心寻求“团结”。

  分裂依旧

白宫提前数日就透露了国情咨文演讲的“团结”基调,但舆论对此不甚乐观。特朗普演讲前,《纽约时报》评论说,他的“团结”呼吁将不会被理睬。国会参议院少数党(民主党)领袖舒默则表示,特朗普关于团结的呼吁比政策承诺更空洞。

美国圣安塞尔姆学院助理教授克里斯蒂·加尔迪耶里告诉记者,考虑到美国社会分裂现状,他不认为这篇国情咨文能改变华盛顿政治现状或给特朗普与国会民主党关系带来明显改观。

特朗普原计划1月29日发表国情咨文,但受政府被迫关门影响,民主党籍的众议院议长佩洛西将日期推后至2月5日。而这次演讲10天后的2月15日,特朗普和民主党如果仍未能达成妥协,政府关门可能再度上演。

从目前磋商情况看,双方仍无妥协迹象。之前,联邦政府部分关门长达35天,却没达到让国会拨款造边境墙的目的。这让特朗普大受挫折。而近期民调也显示,多数美国人认为特朗普要对政府关门负主要责任。

分析人士认为,国会参众两院由共和、民主两党分治的政治现实,意味着特朗普任期后半程必将深受民主党掣肘。明年美国大选又将开锣,两党新一轮博弈势将更加激烈。

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