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美国发布相关国家和地区农业转基因年度报告

2019-01-18 06:00:03    科技日报

科技日报北京1月17日电 (记者马爱平)17日,记者从农业农村部农业转基因生物安全管理办公室获悉,美国于近日发布了相关国家和地区的农业生物技术年度报告。

报告指出,印度政府对转基因作物芥菜和茄子的批准尚未确定,Bt棉花仍是印度唯一批准用于商业种植的生物技术作物。在转基因作物副产品进口方面,印度批准了转基因大豆油和油菜籽油的进口。印度除了在水牛克隆研究方面取得有限成功外,其动物生物技术的研发尚处于起步阶段。

巴基斯坦是重要的生物技术作物进出口国和生产国(主要是棉花),并且已经建立了生物技术和种子监管体系。巴基斯坦对转基因作物的商业化仍然停留在2010年引入的两个转基因棉花。

加拿大转基因作物2018年种植面积下降了2%,主要原因是三大草原省份大豆的种植面积减少。2017年至今,加拿大卫生部批准了新的转基因油菜(MS11)、苹果(NF872)、大米(GR2E)和甘蔗(CTC175-A)作为食品,加拿大食品检验局也批准了转基因油菜和苹果可以释放到环境中。

以色列没有限制使用进口转基因产品及衍生产品的政策。其现行法规规定,如果没有有效的注册证书,则不得出售转基因作物,目前只有转基因烟草获得了批准。此外,以色列允许用于研究目的的转基因作物种植,还允许进口外国生产的转基因产品用于生产食品和药品。

孟加拉国正在逐步开始研究和试验水稻、马铃薯、茄子和棉花等以贸易为基础的主要作物的转基因品种。政府在这方面支持科学家,但监管政策并没有完全涵盖生产和销售的各个方面。

中国台湾地区在2017年从美国进口了超过10亿美元的转基因农产品,占美国对台湾出口农产品总量的三分之一以上。目前,台湾没有批准生产转基因作物和动物。此外,台湾当局正在讨论如何管理基因编辑等新的育种技术。

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