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美媒:中国居民用电量随气温上升而大幅提升

2018-12-29 12:00:01    环球时报

美国杜克大学网站12月28日文章,原题:随着气温上升,中国居民将大幅提升用电量 杜克大学和复旦大学联合开展的一项研究首次对中国居民用电量将在多大程度上随气候变化而上升进行了预测。预测结果是:大幅上升。

到21世纪末,地表平均温度每上升1℃,中国居民平均用电量就将上升约9%,而用电高峰期间的峰值用电量将上升36%。科学家预计,到2099年,地表平均温度将比如今高出2℃至5℃。若用电模式仍与现在类似,届时中国居民的平均用电需求将上升18%至55%。

这项题为“气候变化和中国长三角居民用电”的研究已于本周在美国《国家科学院学报》发表。“通过表明居民用电需求将如何大幅上升,我们的研究发现进一步夯实支持中国低碳政策的确切证据。”复旦大学教授吴力波说道。为研究电力用户如何应对气温变化,研究人员对上海80多万居民用户2014年至2016年的数据进行分析。他们将这些有关用户行为的数据与各种气候模式仿真相结合,以确立本世纪末气温变化及其对中国影响之间的关系。“这种一流的研究方法是首次在中国应用。”美国杜克大学桑福德公共政策学院教授比利·派泽说道。此前,大部分此类研究都在西方国家开展。

在13℃至25℃的舒适气温范围内,气温变化并不会引发居民使用空调。当气温降至13℃以下时,居民用电量也随气温下降而升高但幅度相对有限。该研究发现,中国高收入家庭在冬天用电更多。“如果我们认为中国更多省份将随着收入增长而成为‘上海’,那么我们的研究或将最终被应用于更广的范围。”杜克大学学者说道。

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