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造福粮食生产 芬兰研制出蜜蜂用疫苗

2018-12-17 07:35:00    新华网

芬兰研究人员研制出一种给蜜蜂用的疫苗,有助这种昆虫抵抗细菌感染,若普及或有助逆转蜜蜂数量减少的趋势,最终造福粮食生产。

赫尔辛基大学昆虫和免疫学专家亚莱·弗莱塔克与蜜蜂和蛋白质专家赫利·萨尔梅拉带领研究团队,研发出这种好像糖块的疫苗,蜂王在吃下它后能对美洲蜜蜂腐蛹病形成免疫,且能将免疫性遗传给后代。

由于蜜蜂等昆虫体内缺乏抗体,先前研究认为,几乎不可能为它们接种疫苗。弗莱塔克2014年的一项发现撼动了这一认知。他发现,如果给蛾子喂食某种细菌,蛾子可以将免疫性遗传给后代。弗莱塔克后来与萨尔梅拉合作,最终研制出供蜂王食用的疫苗。法新社援引弗莱塔克的话报道:“它们只要吃下去就能传递(免疫性),尽管我不明白其中机制。”

目前,研究团队正致力于开发可令蜜蜂免疫其他疾病的疫苗,同时为蜜蜂用疫苗走向市场筹集资金。弗莱塔克估计,至少还要4到5年时间才能实现这种疫苗的市场化。

联合国2016年主导的一项研究显示,全球四成无脊椎动物传粉者濒临灭绝,其中主要是蜜蜂和蝴蝶。研究人员担心,蜜蜂灭绝会导致食物生产成本上升,甚至出现食物短缺。(袁原)【新华社微特稿】

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