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“太空船2号”飞至“太空边界” 商业太空游“指月可待”

2018-12-14 19:05:00    新华网

新华社北京12月14日电 综合驻华盛顿记者周舟、驻洛杉矶记者高山报道:英国维珍银河公司的“太空船2号”飞行器13日在美国西部开展的测试飞行中,成功飞至距地面约80千米处的“太空边界”。这次成功试飞,意味着游客搭载“太空船2号”体验亚轨道太空旅行可能“指月可待”。

当日早晨,一架名为“白骑士2号”的双体运输机从加利福尼亚州莫哈韦起飞,将“太空船2号”载至距地面约13千米的高空释放。由两名飞行员操控的“太空船2号”随即启动自身发动机,以最高接近3倍音速的速度飞至距地面约83千米的亚轨道高度,地面控制人员发出“欢迎抵达太空”的祝贺。飞行器随后开始滑翔下降,几分钟后落回地面一处跑道上。

国际航空界大多认为,太空与地球大气层的边界线位于海拔100千米处。不过,维珍银河使用美国空军定义,即海拔80千米处为太空边界。“太空船2号”已多次试飞,这是第一次飞抵“太空边界”。这也是自2011年美国航天飞机退役以来,首次有飞行器从美国本土载人飞向太空。

美国联邦航空局和美国航天局对维珍银河表示祝贺。美国联邦航空局称此次试飞是“里程碑式飞行”,并宣布将授予参加试飞的两名飞行员商业宇航员证书。美国航天局说,此次试飞携带该机构的4个实验载荷。

维珍银河创始人理查德·布兰森现场观看试飞。他表示,还将安排几次试飞,如进展顺利,他将在未来半年内试乘“太空船2号”,相信明年下半年就能将游客送入太空。

“太空船2号”一次可搭载两名机组人员和6名游客,游客将在飞行中体验数分钟的失重感觉,并从太空欣赏地球的景观。目前一张“船票”定价25万美元,已有超过600人预订。

维珍银河在实现商业太空旅游之路上曾遭遇挫折。2014年,一架“太空船2号”在试飞时坠毁,造成一名飞行员死亡,另一人受重伤。

除维珍银河外,美国太空探索技术公司和蓝色起源公司等多家私人企业正积极开发太空飞行器,力争抢占商业太空旅游先机。

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