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美国零CO2排放天然气发电厂点火

2018-06-05 20:16:02    央广网

科技日报北京6月4日电 (记者刘霞)据物理学家组织网近日报道,美国德克萨斯州“净动力”(NET Power)有限公司宣布,其位于拉波特的新建天然气发电厂燃烧室首次成功点火,将对一种新型发电技术——“阿拉姆循环”进行测试和验证,这种发电技术几乎没有二氧化碳(CO2)排放,因此也无需使用碳捕获技术。

公司高管表示,“阿拉姆循环”发电技术包括7个步骤,得到的产品包括电和液态水,此外,少量二氧化碳可被收集起来,用于天然气开采等其他过程。

这7个步骤如下:首先,一台设备将氧气从空气中提取出来,送入燃烧室;在燃烧室,天然气与氧气混合并用处于超临界状态(性质介于液体及气体之间)的二氧化碳加热;然后,热的二氧化碳与水一起驱动一个非常小的涡轮发电;与此同时,一台热交换器将涡轮排放出的热气中的热能提取出来,并输送给一台设备,该设备使用这些能量来加热二氧化碳;接下来,冷却并压缩二氧化碳;大约5%的二氧化碳被提取出来,可供销售;最后,利用第四步的能量来加热二氧化碳,并将其送回燃烧室。

公司高管也表示,基于“阿拉姆循环”技术的新发电厂的建造或运行成本并不比普通的天然气发电厂高。接下来,公司将开展更广泛测试。一旦测试完成,他们将把燃烧室和涡轮结合在一起开始发电。

麻省理工学院能源计划研究员杰西·詹金斯此前曾表示,如果“净动力”达成他们宣称的目标,那样确实有机会改变能源产业。不过,由于先前也不乏公司研发相关技术但以失败告终,因此“净动力”的新发电厂能否如其所说的低成本、高效率运行,还要等测试结果公布以后才能知晓。

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