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儿童肥胖渐成全球“流行病”

2018-04-20 13:46:02    新华网

联合国粮食及农业组织(联合国粮农组织)近日表示,超重和肥胖已成为一种全球性的“流行病”,在发达国家和发展中国家中均有蔓延趋势。其中,儿童超重和肥胖是不容忽视的全球性问题。

世界卫生组织(世卫组织)此前也曾警告,儿童肥胖是当前全球面临的最严峻的公共健康挑战之一。2016年,全球5岁以下超重儿童已超过4100万,其中一半在亚洲。联合国粮农组织的报告显示,亚太地区儿童肥胖症患者增长迅速,2000年—2016年间,5岁以下超重儿童数量增加38%,趋势不容乐观。亚太区域的数据只是全球超重儿童不断增加的一个缩影。据世卫组织估计,到2025年,全球超重或肥胖儿童将超过7000万。

联合国粮农组织的报告还指出,超重儿童成年后患糖尿病、高血压、心脏病和肝病等慢性病的风险更高,同时还会出现自卑、抑郁等负面心理问题,为其成长和成年后的健康埋下定时炸弹,也会加重社会医疗体系的负担。

专家认为,儿童肥胖蔓延是社会和经济发展衍生出的问题,主要原因是儿童饮食中高脂肪、高糖分的食物摄入不断增加;同时,随着城市化及交通方式的转变,儿童越来越缺乏运动。

意大利目前是世界上超重儿童比例最高的国家之一。记者在罗马郊区的一家知名快餐店看到,很多学龄儿童选择薯条、含糖高的碳酸饮料等。一位孩子的母亲玛蒂娜无奈地对记者表示,现在的意大利孩童大多喜欢高油高糖的食品,“我的小孩都是一边喝可乐、吃甜甜圈,一边玩着平板电脑”。

当前,健康食品的价格不断飙升,不健康食物却变得唾手可得。意大利安莎社此前的报道指出,超重和肥胖已不再是富足生活的象征。很多研究发现,儿童肥胖与低收入和贫穷的联系越发紧密,城市中移民社区的儿童肥胖逐渐成为一种趋势和社会现象,而富足家庭的儿童往往更“苗条”。

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