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英媒:人死后想变成化石很难 但可以人为“加大几率”

2018-03-10 07:46:03    新华网

她说:“死海也不错,高盐度会有防腐作用。”

另辟蹊径

我们已经介绍了变成坚硬、耐久的化石的标准方法,就是用石头替代骨骼。但是还可以考虑一些别出心裁的方法。

首先是琥珀。有很多保存完好的化石都是在这种由树脂制成的宝石中——比如最近发现的鸟类、蜥蜴,还有在缅甸发现的有羽毛恐龙的尾巴。“如果能够找到足够数量的树脂,然后让琥珀覆盖全身,那就是同时保存软组织和骨骼的最佳方法,”塞姆说,“但显然,对人这样的大型动物来说,这是很困难的。”

找不到足够的琥珀吗?另一个选择是洛杉矶拉布雷亚为剑齿虎和猛犸象完成防腐的沥青坑。不过,最后这里的尸体很可能会脱节,骨骼可能会和其他动物混到一起。还可以在山上或冰川冷冻起来,比如1991年在欧洲阿尔卑斯山发现的冰人奧茨。

另一种途径是自然木乃伊化,也就是把尸体放在洞穴系统中风干。“有很多在洞穴系统中保存的尸体从地下水获得钙质。这种钙质还会形成钟乳石和石笋。”塞姆说,“人们喜欢穴居,所以假如未来还有洞穴系统,那么你可能会用到它。”

最后还有一种几乎可以永远保存尸体的方法,不过不是以化石的形式,而是把它发射到太空,或者把它留在没有大气层的地质惰性的天体表面,比如月球。

“太空的真空环境对尸体的永久防腐非常有利,”塞姆说。她还补充说,如果你希望在遥远的未来能够再次被人发现,你还可以在尸体上安装一个无线电信标系统。

留下一点额外的东西

假如数百万年后你被人发现,你还想在身旁留下些什么?

塑料制品等其他不会发生生物降解的石油制品,还有惰性金属,比如合金、黄金和手机里的稀有金属。这些东西都能够保留同样长的时间。

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