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记者手记:联合国确立“世界蜜蜂日”

2017-12-21 17:16:21   新华网

新华社卢布尔雅那12月21日电 记者手记:联合国确立“世界蜜蜂日”

新华社记者汪亚雄

20日,联合国大会在纽约宣布5月20日为“世界蜜蜂日”。这是以斯洛文尼亚养蜂先驱安东·扬沙的生日确定的世界纪念日。

喜讯传来,斯洛文尼亚养蜂协会负责人博什蒂安·诺克表示,联合国确立“世界蜜蜂日”不仅是对斯洛文尼亚的认可,更将提高世界各国对蜜蜂重要性的认识,并推动蜜蜂养殖的进一步发展。

参加20日联合国大会的斯洛文尼亚副总理兼农业、林业和食品部长日丹说,蜜蜂对人类极为重要,养蜂可以确保粮食安全,维护整个生态系统和自然界生物多样性。

被誉为斯洛文尼亚养蜂摇篮的布雷兹尼察村村民近期把村里所有传统蜂箱进行了翻修和粉饰,以使这些蜂箱看起来就像当年扬沙在的时候一样。

设立“世界蜜蜂日”的倡议最初由斯洛文尼亚养蜂协会于2014年发起,随后由斯洛文尼亚政府在2015年4月向联合国正式提出。当时,全球农药的过度使用和一些有害生物的增加对蜜蜂的生存构成直接威胁。

联合国粮食及农业组织的资料显示,当今地球上大约有2万多种蜜蜂,它们是保证人类粮食安全的宝贵因素,因为世界上有三分之一粮食的生长要依赖于它们授粉。

约200万人口的斯洛文尼亚,国土面积仅2万多平方公里,但凭借丰富的地貌资源、植物的多样性和良好的气候条件,一直是蜜蜂生长和养殖的王国,蜜蜂养殖和蜂蜜生产历史悠长,其独有的卡尔尼奥拉蜜蜂种群生命力旺盛持久、产蜜量大。

这个阿尔卑斯山南麓小国对人类蜜蜂养殖的贡献离不开养蜂先驱——扬沙。这个传奇人物于1734年5月20日出生在斯洛文尼亚北部的布雷兹尼察村,早年曾是一名画家,后来开创性地用色彩丰富的画作来装饰蜂巢的前板,帮助不同蜂群按习性、凭借不同的艳丽颜色顺利找到自己的蜂巢。这后来被认为是扬沙对世界养蜂事业的重要贡献之一。

1770年,他成为当时奥地利养蜂的第一位皇家教师,后来被任命为维也纳第一家养蜂学校的负责人。此后,他继承并借鉴了百年的养蜂传统,以创新的养蜂和蜂蜜收获方式成为现代养蜂技术的奠基人。

斯洛文尼亚丰富的植物资源和传统技术,使其强大的蜜蜂养殖和蜂蜜生产历久弥新。据斯洛文尼亚通讯社报道,目前该国拥有超过1万名养蜂人,是欧盟国家中按人口比例计算养蜂人数最多的国家,国民对营养丰富的蜂蜜及其制品的消费量很大,年人均消费蜂蜜超过8升,位列世界蜂蜜消费国前列。

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