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印度快中子增殖反应堆将投产 或成其可再生能源来源

2017-10-27 14:35:58   中国网

据“今日俄罗斯”电视台网站10月25日报道,印度今年即将投产的一座大型核反应堆很可能成为这个国家最重要的可再生能源的来源。该座快中子增殖反应堆是使用特制钍燃料棒的反应堆之一。

这座功率高达500兆瓦的核反应堆将建在孟加拉海湾边的卡尔帕卡姆,属于印度核能计划“三步走”战略的一部分。快中子增殖反应堆(Fast breeder reactors)不同于传统的核电站,它们在运转过程中产生的核燃料要多于自身所消耗的。

国际原子能机构(IAEA)副总干事米哈伊尔·楚达科夫(Mikhail Chudakov)表示:“这些反应堆是通往未来的桥梁,它们可以提供几近无限量的电力供应。”国际原子能机构总干事天野之弥(Yukiya Amano)则表示:“快中子反应堆可以提取比传统反应堆高出70%的能源,且更加安全,同时还可以成倍地减少所产生的长期放射性废料。”

报道称,美国,日本和法国一直都在尝试研发自己的快中子反应堆技术,但由于技术和安全等原因,一直没能成功。印度的快速发展需要能源的支撑,其在快中子反应堆技术的研究已经长达27年。目前,印度现已与俄罗斯国家原子能公司(Rosatom)合作研发新一代的核能反应堆,并参与到俄罗斯的快中子反应堆研究项目中。

目前,世界上唯一一座运营中的商用快中子反应堆是位于俄罗斯乌拉尔山脉的别洛亚尔斯克核电站。俄罗斯的快中子反应堆使用铀元素,而印度的则使用的是钍燃料棒。

据报道,印度拥有全世界25%的钍资源储藏,比其他国家都多。据估计,印度的钍储藏量为36万吨。快中子反应堆是印度建设能源储备与使用循环的长期目标之一。传统的核反应堆使用一种稀有的名为的铀U-235的同位素,而大多数铀U-238则从未被使用过。快中子反应堆可以将被认为是将核废料的铀U-238转化为可使用的能源,而且比传统核反应堆产生更少的的废料,也更加安全。(余杜烽)

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