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安倍放话解散国会 施计续命豪赌修宪

2017-09-25 21:26:53   新华网

安倍在执政期间,对宪法条款和相关解释“合则用,不合则弃”。例如,日本宪法规定,如果众参两院议员有四分之一以上提出要求,政府就有义务召集临时国会。但安倍内阁此前一直拖延召集临时国会,而现在又在临时国会召集日解散,使得临时国会的意义名存实亡。同样,在有关解禁集体自卫权的宪法解释中,安倍政权也是一举颠覆日本战后的长期宪法解释,为解禁集体自卫权“正名”。

颇为讽刺的是,安倍此次决定提前解散众议院,目的之一就是更顺利地推进修宪。诸如此类,以涉嫌违宪的方式强行推进修改宪法,可谓是近些年安倍执政的一大“亮点”。

【背景链接】

日本众议员一届任期4年。根据日本宪法,有两种情况下可以解散众议院:一是众议院通过内阁不信任案或否决内阁信任案后,要么当届内阁全体辞职,要么在10天内解散众议院;二是日本天皇经内阁建议和认可后,可下诏解散众议院。

由于日本天皇只是国家象征,第二种情况通常被解释为代表内阁的首相拥有解散众议院的权力,这也被视为日本首相制约国会和议员们的“杀手锏”。

首相常常会利用这一“杀手锏”,在不利的情况下扭转局面。但这也并非灵丹妙药。2012年11月,民主党的野田佳彦面临内外交困选择解散众议院,重新举行大选,而自民党在选举中以绝对优势获胜,民主党则痛失执政党地位。

上一次提前解散众议院的决定正是安倍于2014年11月做出的。(记者:冯武勇、王可佳、姜俏梅;编辑:陈静、魏建华、孙浩、鲁豫、周喆、吴铮)

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