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欧非领导人会议:空泛共识难解非法移民问题

2017-08-29 15:40:34   新华网

军事方面,欧盟四国和欧盟表示将同尼日尔和利比亚在现有军事合作计划的框架内加强合作,如延长合作期限、承担更多打击偷渡任务等。

 落实很难

分析人士指出,非法移民问题已困扰欧洲多年,各国政府虽然也采取了一系列应对措施,但效果并不显著。此次会议的共同声明乍看似乎面面俱到,但连篇累牍的共识实际上依旧空洞乏力,缺乏实际内容。

细读每一方面的共识,大原则、大方向居多,具体办法几乎不见踪影。例如,探索设立帮助非法移民重回母国的新机制将由谁主导,何时完成?加强和非洲国家本土社区的经济合作,意大利采取的模式受到推崇,但其他国家打算如何具体开展?对于这些问题,人们从联合声明中都找不到答案。

乍得总统代比在接受媒体采访时评价说,非洲多年来已经习惯了欧盟的空洞宣言。他强调:“我们需要的是具体行动。”

事实上,就连欧洲媒体也对峰会成果反应冷淡。法国《费加罗报》29日在头版头条刊登文章说,欧洲和非洲国家在这次小型峰会中并没有找到解决问题的好办法。

其实国际社会都清楚,经利比亚跨越地中海偷渡到欧洲的非法移民数量之所以没能减少,是因为非洲国家的稳定和发展有问题。莫盖里尼也公开承认:“问题的根源在于贫困。”在共同声明中,欧盟国家表示,他们意识到“有必要增加对尼日尔和乍得的援助”。

分析人士指出,虽然欧盟国家认识到问题在于“贫困”,但对于如何解决“贫困”却并没有好的办法。它们的“援助”往往只能救救急,却并不能让非洲国家实现发展从而真正摆脱贫困。而且,即便它们承诺过“援助”,也往往是口惠而实不至。此次欧盟国家实际能给多少“援助”,还要打个问号。

而比起摆脱贫困来,维护稳定更为重要,因为没有稳定的环境,就无法开展经济建设,摆脱贫困也就无从谈起。欧盟国家也认识到这一问题,因此它们在共同声明中强调利比亚稳定的重要性。

然而分析人士指出,利比亚的混乱正是包括许多欧盟国家在内的西方国家为推行自己的价值观而武力干涉该国内政导致的,如今欧洲因利比亚的混乱而备受非法移民之苦可谓自食其果。如果西方国家不改变它们的这种行事方式,将只会给其他地区带来更多混乱,最后自己也将深受其害。

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