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黄皮肤得多考140分?哈佛等美名校“看肤色招生”遭查

2017-08-16 15:53:02   中国青年网

一些成绩不够好但因为受到“照顾”的少数族裔学生在进入顶尖大学后面临巨大压力,在律师从业考试和医学从业考试中的成绩也不太理想,还有不少被迫转到轻松一些的专业,他说。

“从排名稍低一些的学校走出来的黑人科学家反而比‘常青藤’学校所培养出的还多。”

  "多元性"

面对批评声音,哈佛大学否认使用“种族配额制”。学校发言人杰克逊表示,学校录取政策符合法律要求,是公平的。

根据学校网站,2017年入学的本科生中亚裔学生增加到22.2%,是历史最高水平。

哈佛大学所说的法律依据是美国最高法院上世纪70年代做出的一份裁决,规定学校有权将招生政策向少数族裔倾斜,以保障校园内的“多元性”,但也同时明确要全面评估每一个学生,禁止简单机械地执行“唯肤色论”、执行“配额制”。

应该说,这份旨在照顾弱势族裔的裁决一开始是对亚裔有利的,但随着进入美国顶尖大学的亚裔学生逐年增加,这份裁决反而开始限制亚裔学生。

夏皮罗说,虽然在所有申请大学的学生中,亚裔群体的增长速度最快,但美国最抢手的大学录取的学生当中,亚裔群体占比和25年前比变化不大。

维权组织“争取公平入学学生组织”称,在2013年,哈佛新生中亚裔占比18%,而布朗、哥伦比亚、康奈尔、普林斯顿等其他“常青藤”高校的亚裔新生比例也都在14%-18%之间。

“透明度”

根据普林斯顿大学的研究,如果取消族裔作为招生时所考量的因素,亚裔学生录取率或将显著提高,而非洲裔和西班牙裔的学生比例则会下降。

哈佛大学法学教授艾伦?德肖维茨在接受媒体采访时说:“从原则上讲,为了给别的族裔更多空间而歧视亚裔学生的行为是错误的。”

“我认为肤色就不应该成为考虑因素之一。”夏皮罗说,“马丁?路德?金曾经说过,应该以一个人的成绩和品格评判一个人,而不是肤色。”

由于美国高校的招生过程并不透明,尤其是哈佛等各大私立学校也拒绝公开评估学生的细则,因此外界并不清楚这些最为热门的高校是如何平衡学生能力和族裔两大因素。

不过可以肯定的是,在优质教育资源有限的情况下,无论偏向哪边都会引发巨大争议。

夏皮罗认为,或许要求大学提高录取机制的透明度是一种解决办法,“他们应该欢迎这样做,因为这样他们就可以证明自己的做法符合法律” 。

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