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中国首例:以色列高等法院承认南通中院判决可在该国执行

2017-08-15 19:52:15   中国青年网

以色列特拉维夫法院还认为,中国法院对于本案争议有管辖权,被告没有对中国法院提出任何管辖权异议,并参与了中国的诉讼程序,应视为接收中国法院的管辖。同时,被告在中国的诉讼程序中由中国当地的律所代理,其答辩的权利得到保证。

综上,特拉维夫法院作出一审判决认定,南通中院作出的(2009)通中民三初字第0010号可以在以色列执行。

一审判决结束后Reitmann表示不服,向以色列高等法院提起上诉。

2017年8月15日,历经一年多的审理,以色列高等法院作出终审判决,认定中以两国在司法协助上之间存在互惠关系,予以维持原判。至此,该案终于尘埃落定。

连线法官

以色列法院承认和执行南通中院判决的四点意义

南通中院承办海外集团诉以色列公民Reitmann合作合同纠纷案的法官陶新琴介绍说,为了维护本国国民的利益,各个国家都需要外国法院承认自己国家法院判决在国外的效力,前提则是自己要在互惠的基础上承认该外国法院判决在自己国家的效力。

以色列特拉维夫法院在一审判决中,确认了南通中院判决的程序正当及终审效力,对于被告Reitman提出的管辖权、答辩权等抗辩予以驳回,认为中国法院对该案争议有管辖权,被告没有提出任何管辖权异议,并参与了中国的诉讼程序,应视为接收中国法院的管辖;被告在中国的诉讼程序中由中国当地的律所代理,其答辩的权利得到了保证。

陶新琴介绍认为,世界大多数国家都将互惠原则作为承认与执行外国法院判决的重要条件之一,但从国际司法实践看,各国在互惠机制的运用上并没有形成固定的互惠标准,常常根据需要在不同的国家之间,或者在不同的案件中适用不同的标准,从而使得互惠原则的适用变幻莫测。直接的原因是因为互惠缺乏制度上的保证措施,各国都难以了解其他国家在互惠原则上的真实立场,同时又囿于主权观念的限制,防止本国在适用互惠原则时采取宽松态度承认与执行外国判决后,本国的判决却被外国予以拒绝。因此,实践中以互惠原则确认外国判决的效力并给予承认与执行的案件较为罕见。

特拉维夫法院对于承认和执行南通中院判决的具体理由作了如下阐述:

一是根据以色列最高法院在互惠原则问题上的裁决,以色列法项下的互惠原则适用条件比较宽松,只要在他国执行以色列法院作出的裁决“存在合理潜在可能性”,两国之间的司法协助就可以适用互惠原则。并且,该项原则旨在促进以色列与他国司法系统的合作关系。

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