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儿童肿瘤患者增加 专家建议综合防治

2019-02-26 16:37:01    新华网

新华社长沙2月26日电(记者帅才)记者从湖南省儿童医院获悉,近年来,医院收治的肿瘤患儿增加,其中神经母细胞瘤患儿、肝母细胞瘤患儿居多。专家建议,应综合防治儿童肿瘤发生。

据湖南省儿童医院普外二科主任肖雅玲介绍,儿童恶性肿瘤的发生与环境污染、母亲怀孕时接触放射性污染、遗传因素有关,环境污染是导致儿童恶性肿瘤发病的主要原因。家长应尽量为孩子创造良好的生活环境,避免有害物质对孩子身体的损伤。

专家提醒,有儿童的家庭如果需要装修新房,在新房装修完不要马上入住,至少要通风半年以上才可以入住,因为新房装修后含有的有害气体和有毒物质,容易导致儿童肿瘤的发病;父母要让孩子养成良好的饮食习惯,注意不要让孩子食用霉变食品,少吃腌制类、烧烤类食品,少吃膨化食品,少喝碳酸饮料,多吃新鲜蔬菜、水果、豆制品、鲜奶、菌类;准备怀孕的家长要戒烟,孕妇怀孕期间(特别是前3月)尽量避免感染,如上呼吸道感染,不乱用抗生素,如确实需要药物治疗应在专业医师指导下进行,还应避免接触放射线,不要进行CT检查,避免接触苯、甲醛等有毒物质。

专家指出,虽然儿童恶性肿瘤高发,但是治愈率相比成人却高得多。如果儿童恶性肿瘤在早期阶段接受治疗,治愈率可以达到80%。儿童恶性肿瘤绝大多数来源于胚源性组织,对化疗、放疗等敏感性优于成人。因此手术结合放化疗,疗效普遍很好。加上儿童心思单纯,正处在生长发育期,身体恢复比成人更快。

湖南省儿童医院普外二科主管护师刘少红建议,家长平时注意摸摸孩子腹部、颈部、腋下、腹股沟、四肢看看有无包块,如果发现可疑包块,尽快带孩子到医院做检查,如果孩子突然出现生长变慢、不爱吃东西、面色苍白、反复发热、反复牙龈皮肤出血、体重下降、发育畸形、步态不稳、肝脾淋巴结肿大等情况应立即就医。

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