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首次央行票据互换操作启动 促银行“补血”支持实体经济

2019-02-21 06:00:01    新华网

新华社北京2月20日电题:首次央行票据互换操作启动 促银行“补血”支持实体经济

新华社记者 吴雨

中国人民银行20日发布公告称,将开展2019年第一期央行票据互换(CBS)操作,本期操作量为15亿元。专家表示,随着永续债发行规模逐渐扩大,CBS使用将更加频繁,有助于疏通货币政策传导渠道。

人民银行介绍,首期CBS操作期限为1年,票面利率2.45%,费率为0.25%,操作量为15亿元,期限1年。本次操作采用数量招标方式,面向公开市场业务一级交易商进行公开招标,中标机构既有股份制银行、政策性银行、城商行等银行类机构,也有证券公司等非银行金融机构。

央行票据互换是人民银行和公开市场一级交易商之间开展的一种债券互换交易。债券持有人可以将换入的央票在市场上进行抵押融资,或作为担保品参与央行货币政策操作。目前合格银行中仅有中国银行一家发行了永续债,因此,本次操作中一级交易商换出的永续债均为中行永续债。

业内人士介绍,央行票据互换工具可以提高银行永续债的市场流动性,继而支持银行发行永续债补充资本,为加大金融对实体经济的支持力度创造有利条件,也有利于疏通货币政策传导机制。

交通银行金融研究中心高级研究员陈冀表示,首单15亿元的CBS操作规模较小,对市场影响有限。随着永续债发行规模逐渐扩大,CBS操作可能更加频繁。不过,作为新型金融市场产品,CBS操作的主要目的是引导和培育市场,并不在于要用央行票据换多少永续债。

在人民银行宣布创设CBS时,市场上曾有疑问:这是央行“放水”让商业银行买永续债吗?甚至有人称CBS是中国版的量化宽松政策(QE)。

“央行票据互换不是中国版的QE,它和QE有本质的区别。”人民银行副行长潘功胜日前在国新办举行的国务院政策例行吹风会上表示,CBS是“以券换券”,不涉及流动性投放和基础货币吞吐,对银行体系流动性的影响是中性的;而且,永续债所有权和信用风险也没有出现转移。

专家表示,虽然一级交易商可以将换入的央行票据作为抵押品,与其他市场机构开展交易或参与央行相关操作,但这并不意味着只要一级交易商换入央行票据就可以自动从央行获得资金,两者并不存在直接联系。

人民银行货币政策司司长孙国峰表示,今后的CBS操作量不会特别大。一方面,CBS操作费率采用市场化方式定价,有利于平衡对CBS操作的需求;另一方面,合格的银行永续债已纳入央行担保品范围,永续债在银行间市场也是合格的抵押品,银行不一定非要通过CBS获得流动性支持。

人民银行表示,将继续关注银行永续债发行情况,参考市场状况和一级交易商对CBS操作的合理需求,采用市场化方式审慎平稳地开展CBS操作。

此外,当日人民银行以利率招标方式开展了7天200亿元逆回购操作。因当日无央行逆回购到期,故实现净投放200亿元。

原标题:首次央行票据互换操作启动 促银行“补血”支持实体经济
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