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解读《国家职业教育改革实施方案》:如何锻造更多“大国工匠”

2019-02-20 11:30:01    央视网

央视网消息: 很多孩子就读职业院校,除了自身努力,更多也需要在学校的培养下掌握技能、增长本领。怎么能培养出更多符合国家社会发展需要的高技能人才?如何让校园所学更密切地与市场需求相吻合,《方案》也提出了很多具体的办法。

教育部职业技术教育中心研究所所长 王扬南: 职业教育里边现在遇到的一个问题,就是职业院校教师指导实践能力弱,它的根源在于是我们现在这种职业教育的师资培养培训体系它存在着这方面的缺陷,因为大部分都是直接从学校到学校,而且都是从普通的高校这么出来的,缺乏实践经历。

解读《国家职业教育改革实施方案》:如何锻造更多“大国工匠”

有好老师才有可能带出好徒弟。要解决以往师资实践能力弱的现状,《方案》提出:从2019年起,职业院校、应用型本科高校相关专业教师原则上从具有3年以上企业工作经历并具有高职以上学历的人员中公开招聘,特殊高技能人才(含具有高级工以上职业资格人员)可适当放宽学历要求,2020年起基本不再从应届毕业生中招聘。

解读《国家职业教育改革实施方案》:如何锻造更多“大国工匠”

教育部教师工作司副司长 黄伟: 实施职业院校教师境外培训计划,支持中职、高职、应用型本科高校聘请产业导师到学校任教、遴选、建设兼职教师资源库。

此外,当前社会新技术、新工艺等变化较大,要使学校变化密切跟踪市场需求,《方案》提出:原则上每5年修订1次职业院校专业目录,学校依据目录灵活自主设置专业,每年调整1次专业,每3年修订1次教材,其中专业教材随信息技术发展和产业升级情况及时动态更新。

解读《国家职业教育改革实施方案》:如何锻造更多“大国工匠”

《方案》提出,加快推进职业教育国家“学分银行”建设,从2019年开始,探索建立职业教育个人学习账号,实现学习成果可追溯、可查询、可转换。而职业教育学生的评价标准和方式未来也将发生改变,不再唯学历。从今年起,部分试点学校将启动“1+X”证书制度试点工作。其中“1”是学历证书,也就是中职、高职或者本科,而“X”则是各类职业技能等级证书。证书分为初级、中级、高级,是职业技能水平的凭证。

原标题:解读《国家职业教育改革实施方案》:如何锻造更多“大国工匠”
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