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马石山十勇士:舍身相救上千群众

2019-01-31 10:02:00    新华网

新华社济南1月31日电(记者滕军伟)走进山东乳山马石山十勇士纪念馆,迎面可见10名战士的雕像,他们手持长枪、身背大刀,眼神坚毅,诉说着党和军队以命相救、与人民群众生死与共的英雄壮举。

1942年,敌后抗战处在最困难时期,日军对山东抗日根据地频繁“扫荡”。11月8日,冈村宁次亲抵烟台部署,不久出动日伪军20000人,以26艘舰艇、10架飞机配合,对胶东抗日根据地进行拉网合围式大“扫荡”,妄图一举消灭胶东八路军主力和党政军机关。大“扫荡”历时40多天,马石山是一个重要的合围点。

当时,胶东军区主力部队和地方武装只有1.4万人,从兵力、装备对比上明显处于劣势。马石山附近的党政军机关、兵工厂、医院和数千名群众,巧妙地突破包围圈,大部分突围出去。丧心病狂的日军便把魔爪伸向手无寸铁的群众,制造了惨绝人寰的“马石山惨案”。

11月23日傍晚,数千名群众和八路军数支小分队被围困于马石山区。日军在山下燃起层层火堆,密布岗哨。八路军胶东军区5旅13团7连6班10名战士,执行完任务路过马石山,看到群众身陷绝境,在没有上级命令的情况下,毅然决定留下来帮助群众突围。

那天傍晚,班长王殿元先与部分群众研究突围路线,并安慰群众不要惊恐、听从指挥。经过侦察,他们决定利用敌人包围圈大、兵力较疏且敌明我暗、我军善于夜行等有利条件实行突围。深夜,王殿元和战士们把第一批群众分成两队,顺着山沟向预定突围的沟口转移。趁火堆旁的日伪军人困马乏,王殿元带领3名战士悄悄干掉哨兵,扑灭火堆,护送200多名群众顺利突围。

第二次进入日寇包围圈,十勇士又找到海阳县100多名群众。当得知还有大批群众被困后,王殿元决定把9名战士分成3组,自己带一组战士,打通一处新的突破口,引导海阳县群众就近跳出包围圈;另两组战士收拢零散群众,把他们从突破口送出后,再次返回,继续解救被困群众。

第三次闯入日寇包围圈后,东方天空已经发白,敌人发现异常后,立刻鸣枪赶来。一名战士不幸牺牲,王殿元、王文礼受了伤,敌人也被暂时打退。正准备撤离时,听说还有百姓被围困在西南山沟,王殿元带着8名战士毫不犹豫奔了过去。此时,山下布满了密密麻麻的日伪军,四处不时响起枪炮声。战士们带领群众沿小山沟转移,突然与20多个鬼子迎面遭遇,战士们的子弹已所剩无几,身体也极度疲惫,但为了给群众争取更多的转移时间,几名战士仍端起刺刀向相反的方向吸引敌人火力,且战且退,最终登上了马石山峰顶。

24日上午,他们依托几处天然岩石顽强战斗,打退了日伪军多次进攻,几名战士牺牲。最后,王殿元和两名战士抱在一起拉响了最后一颗手榴弹,与冲上来的敌人同归于尽。

人民永远不会忘记他们的名字:王殿元、赵亭茂、王文礼、李贵、杨德培、李武斋、宫子藩,还有三位战士没有留下姓名。

1972年,乳山县在马石山主峰修建烈士陵园,建起“抗日烈士纪念堂”。2015年8月15日,威海马石山红色教育基地揭牌并正式对外开放,成为胶东(威海)党性教育基地的重要教学点,年接待参观团队600余批次、参观人员近20万人次。2015年,“马石山十勇士”旗帜作为抗战胜利70周年大阅兵第一个英模方队的旗帜,在天安门前接受了祖国和人民的检阅。

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