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坚持平原游击战的抗日英雄——孔庆同

2019-01-30 10:02:01    新华网

新华社郑州1月30日电(记者 韩朝阳)在华北军区烈士陵园里,一位抗日英雄长眠于青松翠柏之中,他就是冀中第8军分区司令员孔庆同。在华北军区烈士陵园管理处工作16年的史料室副主任娄月说:“孔庆同烈士牺牲小家,顾全大局,在民族危亡时刻挺身而出,进行艰苦斗争,他的英雄事迹和爱国精神值得每一个人学习。”

孔庆同,1912年出生,河南光山人,1928年加入中国共产党。1927年春,光山县建立中共地下党组织,成立了农民协会,年仅15岁的孔庆同参加了农民赤卫队。不久,共产党领导的这支农民武装改编为中国工农红军第25军,孔庆同任司号员。

1934年11月,红25军遵照中央指示,退出鄂豫皖根据地,进行战略转移。抵达陕北时,孔庆同已经成长为红军营长。

1937年,孔庆同作为年轻的指挥员,离开延安,到天津中共中央北方局工作。他在冀东丰润县腰带山一带组织党员和农民自卫会,成立冀东第一支抗日武装队伍,任冀东抗日联军第1支队支队长。1938年,第1支队扩编为冀东抗日联军第4总队,他任总队长,率部打击丰润、遵化两县的日、伪军。

1938年7月8日,遵化伪军保安队出动130多人扑向铁厂。孔庆同闻讯后立即带队抢先到铁厂北边的玉皇庙迎敌,经过约两个小时的激战,将伪军全部打垮,俘获80余人,缴枪80余支,战马35匹,给遵化的日伪军以沉重打击。7月9日,孔庆同等又率部出击,兵不血刃拿下了兴城镇。他通过强大的政治攻势,促使伪满警察所长王生存带手下40余人反正。随后,抗联4总队再接再厉,平息丰润王官营一带的民团叛乱,扩大抗日影响。当地群众纷纷加入抗日队伍,仅王官营就有500多人参加抗联。4总队在短短几天里就由400多人发展到4000多人,改编为冀东抗日联军第1梯队,辖4个总队,孔庆同任梯队长。

1939年,孔庆同到中共中央晋察冀分局党校学习。1940年从党校学习毕业,到冀中第8军分区任副司令员。在保定一带坚持平原游击战,后任第8军分区司令员。

1942年秋天,冀中第8军分区党委召开紧急会议,传达彭德怀关于“以武装斗争为主,坚持平原游击战争”的指示。10月20日,孔庆同带领一个手枪班赶到河间县左庄,对河间县开展抗日斗争作了指示。由于汉奸通风报信,第二天拂晓,部队驻地被数倍于己的日伪军包围。在战斗中,孔庆同中弹牺牲,年仅30岁。

2014年,民政部公布第一批300名著名抗日英烈和英雄群体名录,孔庆同名列其中。每年清明节,孔庆同烈士的孙女孔凤霞都会到华北军区烈士陵园为祖父扫墓。2015年,孔凤霞曾陪父亲孔久龄到河南省光山县寻亲。“我到光山寻亲,发现革命老区的红色教育没丢,让我最感动的是,时隔多年,故乡的乡亲们没有忘记爷爷。”孔凤霞说,“现在我也有孙辈了,我就教育自己的孩子,爷爷传下来的精神一定不能丢。”

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