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敦煌开发冬季深度游缓解夏季压力

2019-01-26 16:02:00    新华网

新华社兰州1月26日电 题:敦煌开发冬季深度游缓解夏季压力

新华社记者张玉洁

夏病冬治是中国传统医学的观点。如今,这一理念被引入世界文化遗产莫高窟的旅游中。保护者在冬季推出观感丰富的研学课程,尝试以此分流夏季过多的游客。

甘肃省敦煌市南街小学五年级学生殷子涵的这个寒假不一般。她穿上取材于敦煌壁画的仿唐代半臂襦裙,走进已有1653年历史的莫高窟。在为期3天的首期“莫高学堂”研学活动中,她和20余名同伴聆听了多场主题讲座,还参观了少为人知的壁画修复现场等。

殷子涵说,这次经历让她感受到了敦煌的厚重历史,知道了壁画背后的保护故事。“比如能在手机上看到的敦煌壁画图片,是保护人员在洞窟中架设轨道,相机上下左右移动拍摄后拼接而成的。一面墙壁要上千张照片才能拼好。”

敦煌研究院文化弘扬部党支部书记宋淑霞介绍,敦煌历史延续千年,内容包罗万象,走马观花的游览难以充分感受敦煌之美。“我们用4个月打造课程,希望通过听、看、写、画、演等互动内容,让敦煌的种子在孩子们心中发芽。”

“莫高学堂”是敦煌研究院近期推出的研学课程之一。这些课程不仅给人们提供了深度了解敦煌的机会,也纾解着莫高窟夏季的旅游压力。注重整体、平衡的“夏病冬治”观点在旅游上得到运用。

近年来,敦煌旅游热度持续攀升。2018年,莫高窟年接待游客逼近200万人次,比2014年上涨近120万人次。尤其暑期游客扎堆,仅应急参观游客就占全年游客总数的约1/3。

研究显示,密集人流进入狭小洞窟,导致窟内温湿度等上升,对文物造成不可逆转的损害。游客比肩接踵,旅游体验也打了折扣。

“我们希望在淡季提供体验更好的旅游产品,吸引人们淡季来敦煌,慢享莫高窟。”敦煌研究院文化弘扬部部长李萍说。

李萍介绍,他们根据莫高窟历史文化、敦煌自然风光等当地独有的资源,研发了多种产品,如九色鹿星空、霓裳佛国服饰秀、数字敦煌探秘等。2018年下半年以来,已有超过4000人参加了研学。

“线上分享会也是吸引游客淡季来敦煌的方法。一场网络直播能吸引35万人观看。”李萍说。

研学得到市场的响应。敦煌宾馆董事长陈立英说,人们对旅游的需求日渐个性化,深度游的市场不断拓展。“敦煌本身就是名片,借助优势资源打造文化产品,让旅游更有竞争力了。”

据介绍,包括研学在内的淡季旅游政策,正让莫高窟的旺季向两头延伸。2018年的旅游数据显示,淡季游客人数回落速度放缓,“引客入冬”初见成效。此外,敦煌研究院计划在旺季夜间加开“莫高学堂”,让青少年避开游客高峰,获得丰富体验。

莫高窟是中国首批进入世界文化遗产名录的遗产地,现存洞窟735个、壁画4.5万平方米、彩塑2000多身,被称为“沙漠中的美术馆”。

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