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专家提醒:冬季高原户外运动做好防护措施

2018-12-31 11:02:00    新华网

新华社西宁12月31日电(记者央秀达珍、赵雅芳)元旦将至,越来越多的人用户外运动的方式迎接新年。但高原含氧量低,气候相对干燥,昼夜温差大,专家提醒,冬季在高原进行户外运动需采取防护措施,否则容易受伤。

青海省体育科学研究所所长马福海说,相较于平原,高原的缺氧环境有助于锻炼心肺功能,激活部分生理功能,相同运动强度下能达到更好的效果。但冬季高原气候寒冷,空气干燥,下雪之后路面硬滑,这时运动损伤率相对较高,容易引起关节扭伤、肌肉拉伤、韧带损伤等问题。

青海省人民医院心内科二病区主任张亚萍说,在缺氧、低温下运动,肺血管收缩可能产生肺动脉高压,会感觉到胸闷、疲乏、甚至浮肿。低氧还会引起心脑血管的改变,引起心脏的缺血、缺氧。

青海省人民医院呼吸与危重症医学科主任医师张月琴说,冬季户外运动容易使呼吸道水分大量流失,呼吸频率加快,肺血管收缩易诱发急性肺栓塞、支气管哮喘急性发作、呼吸道感染等疾病。

专家建议,初到高原的人群应休整适应高原低氧干燥环境,适当降低运动强度,不适宜以平原环境下的负荷量和强度为标准进行运动。如血压升高、心率加快,出现头疼、头晕、胃肠道不适、睡眠障碍等情况,建议尽快去医院做常规检查。

专家提醒,冬季在高原进行户外运动,应摄入优质蛋白质和碳水化合物,尽量穿着轻便保暖的衣物,佩戴帽子、手套等,做好防寒措施。同时做好准备活动,当身体微微发热,肌肉和关节相对灵活后再进行运动。运动过程中,要注意把握强度,循序渐进。若患有高血压、心脏病、糖尿病、哮喘等疾病,不建议在高原进行剧烈运动。

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