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抗日英雄狼牙山五壮士:宁死不屈 视死如归

2018-12-30 10:02:00    新华网

新华社石家庄12月30日电(记者赵鸿宇)“视死如归本革命军人应有精神;宁死不屈乃燕赵英雄光荣传统。”这是当年晋察冀军区司令员兼政治委员聂荣臻为狼牙山五壮士纪念塔题的词。以共产党员、班长马宝玉为首的八路军5位英雄,用生命和鲜血谱写出一首气吞山河的壮丽诗篇。

马宝玉,1920年生,河北蔚县人。1937年卢沟桥事变后,参加了八路军,加入中国共产党。他作战勇猛顽强,在阜西庄一战中,用一把铁锹劈死一名日军,缴获一支“三八大盖”。在夜袭管头村的战斗中,他击毙一名日军机枪手,为部队前进扫清了道路。

1941年8月,侵华日军华北方面军调集7万余人兵力,对晋察冀边区所属的北岳、平西根据地进行毁灭性“大扫荡”。9月25日,日伪军3500余人围攻易县城西南的狼牙山地区,企图歼灭该地区的八路军和地方党政机关。晋察冀军区第1军分区第1团第7连奉命掩护党政机关、部队和群众转移。完成任务撤离时,留下第6班班长马宝玉,副班长、共产党员葛振林,及宋学义、胡德林、胡福才等5名战士担负后卫阻击,掩护全连转移。他们坚定沉着,利用有利地形,奋勇还击,打退日伪军多次进攻,毙伤90余人。

次日,为了不让日伪军发现连队转移方向,他们边打边撤,将日伪军引向狼牙山棋盘陀峰顶绝路。日伪军误认咬住了八路军主力,遂发起猛攻。5位战士临危不惧,英勇阻击,子弹打光后,用石块还击,一直坚持战斗到日落。面对步步逼近的日伪军,他们宁死不屈,毁掉枪支,义无反顾,纵身跳下数十丈深的悬崖。马宝玉、胡德林、胡福才壮烈殉国;葛振林、宋学义被山腰树枝挂住,幸免于难。

马宝玉等5位战士的壮举,表现了崇高的爱国主义、革命英雄主义精神和坚贞不屈的民族气节,被人民群众誉为“狼牙山五壮士”。晋察冀军区领导机关授予3名烈士“模范荣誉战士”称号,并追认胡德林、胡福才为中国共产党党员;通令嘉奖葛振林、宋学义,并授予“勇敢顽强”奖章,宋学义光荣加入中国共产党。

为纪念和表彰5位抗日英雄,当地革命政府在棋盘陀峰顶修建了“狼牙山三烈士碑”。1959年5月重建,更名为“狼牙山五勇士纪念塔”。中华人民共和国成立后,宋学义转业到地方工作,1978年逝世。葛振林1981年7月离职休养,离休前任湖南省军区衡阳军分区后勤部副部长,2005年3月逝世。

狼牙山五勇士陈列馆馆长李芳告诉记者,这里自1993年被评为河北省爱国主义教育基地以来,累计接待游客1000余万人。每年清明节等节日,狼牙山所在的易县都组织中小学生、机关单位工作人员来此开展纪念活动,纪念馆下一步打算完善和创新主题教育形式,采用专题教学、体验教学等方式丰富课程,让游客们在参观的过程中了解更多红色历史。

如今,易县依托狼牙山、清西陵、易水湖等景区发展全域旅游,越来越多群众走上了致富路。狼牙山五壮士的革命精神,依然被易县干群不断学习传承,而一个经济社会繁荣发展、人民生活幸福安康的崭新易县正在这种精神的引领下迈向未来。

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