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机器人辅助抽吸脑血肿 “失语”患者恢复语言功能

2018-11-26 12:01:04    新华网

新华社沈阳11月26日电(记者 彭卓)原本言语流利的中年男子,为何突然“说不出话”?辽宁一医院近日在神经外科手术机器人的辅助下,为一位脑血肿患者开展了微创抽吸手术。手术后患者血肿腔消失,恢复语言功能,表达流畅。

中国医科大学附属第一医院神经外科主任吴安华告诉记者,该名患者3个月前患脑出血,采取保守治疗后出现语言障碍,只能说只言片语,且语速缓慢。“我们对患者进行术前CT检查发现,患者头部的血肿已经液化,增强核磁提示血液液化周边增强,压迫到了语言中枢神经。”

手术当天,在吴安华教授指导下,团队成员韩帅大夫为患者制定了手术靶点和安全入颅路径,将手术规划导入手术室机器人。手术过程中,机械臂在定位仪的引导下自动定位、锁定靶点。在机器人的辅助下,医生打了一个孔洞,植入导管,抽取了15毫升出血性液体,与术前软件计算的血肿量完全一致。吴安华表示,如果不使用机器人,完全靠医生根据术前影像片“盲抽”,不仅可能“抽不干净”,甚至由于插入导管的角度和位置偏移,而找不到血肿。

据吴安华介绍,机器人的精准定位可以达到0.2毫米到1毫米之间,手术机器人配套光学摄像头和机械臂,术中实时导航手术器械相对解剖结构的位置。“手术效率也得以提升,像这例手术只用了半个小时就结束了,而过去不用机器人需要至少2个小时。”

这一医疗机器人由我国自主研发,主要应用于神经外科手术,由计算式软件系统、实时摄像头和自动机械臂构成。借助机械臂末端的操作平台,医生可以实施活检、抽吸、植入、放疗等12类术式,可用于脑出血、脑囊肿、帕金森、癫痫等近百种疾病的手术治疗。

记者了解到,该名患者手术后,当天恢复语言功能,第二天可下床自主行走,感慨自己说话能力“突飞猛进”。“因使用机器人采取精准微创的手术方式,病人术后恢复速度较快。”吴安华说。

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