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我国未来聚变堆实验运行取得重要进展

2018-11-12 16:01:02    央广网

央广网合肥11月12日消息(记者刘军)记者近日从中科院合肥研究院等离子体物理研究所获悉,我国大科学装置东方超环(EAST)今年在未来聚变堆先进稳态运行模式的发展和长脉冲运行下的关键科学技术问题领域取得重要进展,实现加热功率超过10兆瓦,等离子体储能增加到300千焦,等离子体中心电子温度达到1亿度。实验成果拓展了适应于聚变堆高性能等离子体稳态高约束模式的运行区间,标志着我国未来聚变堆实验运行迈出了关键一步。

据了解,大科学装置东方超环(EAST)是中科院合肥研究院等离子体物理研究所自主设计、研制并拥有完全知识产权的磁约束核聚变实验装置,是世界上第一个非圆截面全超导托卡马克,瞄准未来聚变能商用目标的关键科学问题,近年来在高性能、稳态、长脉冲等离子体研究方面取得了多项原创性成果。

2017年,东方超环(EAST)创造了101.2秒高约束模等离子体运行的世界纪录。2018年,东方超环(EAST)在物理实验面向未来聚变堆先进稳态运行模式的发展和长脉冲运行下的关键科学技术问题,重点开展了高功率加热下堆芯物理机制研究的系列实验。

通过优化稳态射频波等多种加热技术在高参数条件下的耦合与电流驱动、等离子体先进控制等,结合理论与数值模拟,东方超环(EAST)实现加热功率超过10兆瓦,等离子体储能增加到300千焦,在电子回旋与低杂波协同加热下,等离子体中心电子温度达到1亿度。利用低杂波、电子回旋、离子回旋协同效应与中性束加热的高效集成,优化电流密度分布,开展了平衡和稳定性、约束和输运、等离子体与壁相互作用及高能粒子物理等相关实验研究,有效拓展了适应于聚变堆高性能等离子体稳态高约束模式的运行区间。在射频波加热为主、低动量注入、钨偏滤器等类似未来聚变堆条件下,实现了高约束、高密度、高比压的完全非感应先进稳态运行模式,获得的归一化参数接近未来聚变堆稳态运行模式所需要的物理条件。

此外,通过东方超环(EAST),中科院合肥研究院等离子体物理研究所同时针对长脉冲稳态高参数运行的关键问题即粒子与热排出,利用多种技术演示了类似ITER运行条件下的边界局域模及钨杂质的控制方法,实现了钨偏滤器高约束模等离子体下稳态热负荷的主动反馈控制。东方超环(EAST)本年度取得的这些实验成果为未来ITER运行和正在进行的中国聚变工程实验堆CFETR工程和物理设计提供了重要的实验依据与科学支持。

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