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中国药学会发布常见安全用药误区

2018-10-17 17:41:01    新华网

新华社北京10月17日电(记者赵文君)中国药学会17日发布公众误识率较高、潜在风险较大的常见安全用药误区,呼吁公众关注安全用药,学习用药常识,促进全民健康。这些安全用药误区包括:追求疗效滥用药、盲从他人使用药品、迷信偏方秘方治大病、盲目追求海淘药品、老年人换季洗血管、回避风险不接种疫苗等。

中国药学会特约专家张继春说,有些患者长期服用药物,担心会增加不良反应发生率,有些患者在自我感觉病情好转,或者症状减轻后就马上停止服药,不按照医嘱正确用药。药物治疗需要一定的时间,尤其是感染性疾病,要有足够的疗程,才能彻底控制感染,疗程不够可转为慢性感染;有些慢性病如高血压、糖尿病等要终身服药,不能随意停药,患者依从性较差的情况下,不规律服药,容易导致病情反复,甚至加重,危及生命。

张继春举例说,有些老人听说阿司匹林可以防治心脑血管疾病,预防卒中、心梗等,便自行去药店购买服用,服用一个月后发现拉黑便,原来是胃出血了。胃肠道症状是阿司匹林最常见的不良反应,长期使用容易导致胃黏膜损伤,引起胃溃疡及胃出血。所以在长期服用阿司匹林之前,必须征求医生或药师意见,经常监测血象、进行大便潜血试验及胃镜检查。

错误的给药方式有时不但不能起到治疗疾病的作用,还会直接影响药效的发挥,甚至会对身体造成伤害。例如人们常用的泡腾片是一种特殊剂型,它含有泡腾崩解剂,一般是有机酸和碳酸钠或碳酸氢钠的混合物,二者遇水后发生化学反应,会产生大量的二氧化碳,若直接吞服,大量气体会急剧充斥气道,有引起窒息的风险。正确服用方式为先取半杯凉水或温开水100ml到150ml,将一次用量的泡腾片投入杯子,待药物完全溶解或气泡消失后摇匀服下。

中国药学会提醒公众,合理用药应当遵循“安全性、有效性、经济性、适当性”四大原则。用药首先强调安全性,只有在这个前提下,才能谈到合理用药。

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