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中科院成功研制4.03米世界最大口径单体碳化硅反射镜

2018-08-21 16:51:14    央广网

  

中科院成功研制4.03米世界最大口径单体碳化硅反射镜

  4.03米世界最大口径碳化硅反射镜

  央广网长春8月21日消息(记者刘源源 苑竞玮)国家重大科研装备研制项目“4m量级高精度碳化硅非球面反射镜集成制造系统”,今天在长春通过验收。中科院长春光机所研制的直径4.03米口径高精度碳化硅非球面反射镜,是目前世界上口径最大的单体碳化硅反射镜。它标志着我国光学系统先进制造能力达到了国际先进水平;同时为我国大口径光电装备跨越升级奠定了坚实基础。其核心制造设备以及制造工艺具有完全自主知识产权。

直径4.03米的碳化硅反射镜像一个巨大的圆盘,在灯光的照射下闪闪发光。如果把这只“大眼睛”装到望远镜里,将极大提升望远镜的分辨率。这种大口径高精度非球面光学反射镜,是高分辨率空间对地观测、深空探测和天文观测系统的核心元件。其制造技术水平,对国家的国防安全、国民经济建设、基础科研能力具有重要意义,也是衡量一个国家高性能光学系统的研制水平的重要标志。

那么这只美丽的大眼睛是怎样炼成的呢?

大口径光学反射镜的制造难度,主要集中在反射镜镜坯制造、反射镜光学加工等制造工艺环节。从碳化硅粉末,到最终变成高刚度、高面形精度的4米反射镜,我们看一下科研人员是如何化腐朽为神奇的吧。

制造碳化硅反射镜第一步,是将碳化硅粉末烧制成整体的反射镜镜坯。4米碳化硅反射镜绝不仅仅是看着美丽,要想实现工程化应用,必须达到并保持极高面形精度。它依赖于反射镜“强健的筋骨”——碳化硅陶瓷镜坯。

目前,国际上常用的反射镜基体材料有石英玻璃、微晶玻璃、碳化硅、金属铍,以及碳纤维/碳化硅复合材料等。相比其他材料,碳化硅具有更大的比刚度和热稳定性。这使得在实现同样的光学口径和精度要求下,碳化硅反射镜更轻、热稳定性更优。

尽管碳化硅的面密度已经足够小,但对反射镜的“瘦身”还远未完成。目前世界上大多数反射镜由于制备技术限制,均采用开放式的轻量化结构。与它们不同,长春光机所采用类似“果冻”制品的成型方式,通过一次注模,实现具有背部半封闭轻量化结构的镜坯成型,既避免了实现轻量化结构的复杂机械加工过程;又进一步降低了反射镜的质量、提高了反射镜的结构刚度。

成型后的反射镜镜坯经两次烧结后,“大眼睛”的一身“钢筋铁骨”就练就好了。再经过光学加工、改性和镀膜等工艺,粗糙的陶瓷坯摇身一变,成为了一块反射率达到95%以上的高精度反射镜。

当今世界,大口径反射镜镜坯制造和反射镜加工技术一直被美国、法国、德国等少数西方国家掌握。长春光机所研究团队耗时十余年、经历数百次实验探索与工艺验证,先后突破了1米、2米口径的碳化硅反射镜镜坯,最终研制出4米口径碳化硅镜坯。围绕着大口径反射镜制造的工艺路线,一整套完整的、具有完全自主知识产权的加工、检测装备也同步开发完成,使大口径反射镜制造的全部核心技术真正掌握自己手中。

未来,这只“美丽的大眼睛”将越来越多的应用于国产各型大口径光电装备上。这些装备将遍及祖国陆地、海洋、天空,让中国的目光更加深邃、视野更加宽广。

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