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宁夏红寺堡:走过荒芜生绿洲

2018-07-26 09:56:01    新华网

新华社银川7月26日电(记者于瑶)地处宁夏中部的红寺堡区曾经是生态十分脆弱、荒漠化严重的地带。作为全国最大的生态扶贫移民集中区,20年来,这里经历了从一片荒芜到林网如织、风光旖旎的生态嬗变,成为西北干旱带上的一颗绿色明珠。

在红寺堡城北,一道10万亩的生态屏障巍然挺立,顽强阻隔风沙侵蚀。站在绿树成荫的生态公园顶端,郁郁葱葱的林带向远方延伸,一株株云杉、国槐、新疆杨长势喜人,面积400多亩的紫光湖波光潋滟,不时传来喜鹊的叫声。

“红寺堡东、南、西边都有村庄,唯独北边是荒漠,城北防护林体系的建成,有效减弱了城区的风力。”红寺堡区林业局林综中心主任梁宝银给记者详细介绍生态防护林的构成,近处的是生态林,远处的是苗圃,更远处的是经果林……

这位从事生态建设近20年的林业人,见证了红寺堡“沙丘起高楼,荒漠变绿洲”的翻天覆地的变化。“20年前,这里曾是一片森林覆盖率不足5%的不毛之地,荒山裸露,连只麻雀都难找,每年沙尘暴达20多次,真的是‘一碗面里半碗沙’。”梁宝银回忆道。

地处毛乌素沙地前缘的红寺堡,年降雨量不足300毫米,蒸发量却超过2000毫米,2000多平方公里戈壁沙丘纵横,一度成为军事训练靶场。1998年,黄河水淌进这片沉睡的土地,生活在“苦甲天下”的宁夏南部山区23万名各族群众迁移至此,形成了我国规模最大的生态扶贫移民开发区。

没有哪个地方像红寺堡那样迫切,需要种出一片绿来。为了改变脆弱的生态环境,当地以“生态立区”为发展战略目标,按照“南保水土北治沙,扬黄灌区林网化”的思路,大力推进灌区绿化,加快生态林业建设和森林资源保护,构筑绿色屏障。

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