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增加户外活动能有效防控近视

2018-06-07 09:11:00    新华网

校园里,佩戴近视眼镜的孩子非常普遍,不戴眼睛、视力良好的孩子反而越来越少。“近年来,我国儿童青少年的近视问题日益严重且低龄趋势明显,这令人忧心。”国家卫生健康委医政医管局副局长焦雅辉指出。

当前,我国各年龄段的近视发病率呈发病年龄早、进展快、程度深的趋势。青少年近视眼发病率逐年上升,据不完全统计,我国小学生近视发病率约30%、初中生约60%、高中生约80%,而大学生已高达90%。在全国防盲技术指导组组长、北京同仁医院眼科中心主任王宁利看来,人类获得外界信息的感知,90%来自于眼睛。如果一个人的眼睛发生问题,会对感知认知造成极大损伤。

什么会导致近视?据全国防盲技术指导组办公室副主任、北京同仁医院眼科主任医师杨晓慧介绍,近视的发生发展和环境、遗传这两大因素都有很大关系。目前,针对近视的预防,主要是从改变环境因素入手。近距离用眼被认为是影响近视发生发展的首位影响因素,不但包含了近距离用眼的时间,还有近距离用眼的持续时间。

杨晓慧分析说,青少年时期的视觉发育尚未完成,且孩子们学习任务又非常繁重,同时他们对电子产品使用的自控能力比较弱,所以对于青少年要加强引导,尽量减少持续近距离用眼时间,还要改善诸如写字时歪脑袋、握笔时指尖距笔尖太近、在晃动的车上进行阅读等不良用眼习惯。

对于近视的一些认识误区

在防控近视眼的过程中,存在很多误区。针对有些家长给孩子买很多蓝莓、叶黄素等补品的情况,王宁利指出,这都属于抗氧化剂的眼保健产品,对于到了一定年龄的中老年人是有一定作用的。而对于青少年来说,只要是三餐营养均衡,就没有必要吃补品了。如果想尝试一下也可以,但认为增加各种营养可以防治近视的观点是错误的。

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