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十年铸“剑”“盾”——我国日益完善的灾害应急救援体系建设

2018-05-12 19:11:02    新华网

有这样一份数据的对比:2008年,我国共有国家和26个省级地震灾害紧急救援队伍,总人数约4200人,其中国家地震灾害紧急救援队人数为222人;十年之后,我国已建成国家地震灾害紧急救援队1支、480人,省级地震救援队76支、12443人,市级地震救援队1000多支、10.6万人,县级地震救援队2100多支、13.4万人,地震救援志愿者队伍1.1万支、69.4万人。

变化的不仅仅只是人数,装备上的升级换代也是日新月异,并在历次地震救援中发挥了关键的“先锋”作用。

“当时我们手中的工具就只有铁锹和手镐,在小的封闭环境中救人时,更多只能靠手挖。”当年参与“5·12”汶川地震救援的四川省安全生产应急救援指挥中心主任侯建明说。

在现代交通意义上,遭受地震重创的地区几乎“与世隔绝”,没有吊车,没有挖掘机,大型救援机械工具的缺乏成为当时救援队伍最头痛的问题。在救援时,不少救援队员更多依靠铁锹、钢钎与血肉之躯,在废墟中进行搜救。

“现在的装备与之前相比要强了很多,无论是可以装载300多件救生器具的地震救援车,还是性能堪比国外悍马的猛士救援车,还有海事卫星电话、雷达生命探测仪、侦察无人直升机等,都是我们现在应急救援必备的装备。”成都市消防支队宣传科科长周才钧说。

  加强后勤保障,完善物资储备,保障好受灾群众基本生活

“5·12”汶川地震救援,是四川省宜宾市消防支队的李院生第一次参加大规模的救援行动,那时的场景对他来说依然历历在目。“渴了喝凉水,饿了啃方便面,困了倒地就睡。虽然前期做了准备,但还是存在不足。”

“5·12”汶川地震震坏了大多数公路,在汽运交通工具无法到位的情况下,四川省消防临时抽调400多名官兵组成后期保障突击队,在汶川县漩口、映秀等灾区徒步进行接力背运,尽可能保障现场官兵的给养需要。虽然只有短短5公里路程,但每次往返都需要5、6个小时。

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