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惊心动魄!现场总指挥讲述国产飞机10级大风中试飞

2018-04-30 21:21:07    新华网

2018年2月27日,中国自主研制的ARJ21-700飞机从西安起飞,前往冰岛凯夫拉维克国际机场进行大侧风试验。4月8日下午3点,在“离家”41天、往返2万多公里航程后,ARJ21-700平稳降落在西安阎良机场,为冰岛大侧风试飞之旅画上圆满句号。

近日,《面对面》记者专访了试飞的现场总指挥,特级试飞员,航空工业试飞中心副主任赵鹏。

  冰岛待命

在ARJ21-700取得适航证之前,飞机曾先后4次前往嘉峪关进行侧风试验。当时获得的抗侧风飞行试验数据为22节,也就是6级风速。但是,ARJ21-700抗侧风能力的设计目标值是30节侧风条件下起飞和27节侧风条件下着陆。经过充分调研和大量协调准备,中国商飞公司决定,ARJ21-700前往冰岛凯夫拉维克国际机场开展大侧风包线扩展审定试飞。

凯夫拉维克国际机场拥有全球为数不多的东西、南北两条垂直交叉走向的“十”字型跑道,当地常年有30节以上大风,有利于捕捉到更大侧风的试验气象。在国际上,波音,空客,庞巴迪这样的世界主流的飞机制造商,都会选择在这里进行侧风试验。然而团队抵达后,却被通知他们只能使用其中的一条纵向跑道进行试飞,飞行时间也严格限制,每天只能利用早上9点至下午1点半,这短短的4个半小时内进行试飞。

赵鹏:这里面有一个很复杂的博弈过程,机场当局专门请了一个资深的航空专家评估我们这个团队,我们这型飞机和我们的飞行安全性,什么意思,鉴于2013年那起事故,我不希望再有任何侧风试验在我这儿进行,你们执意要来,你要向我证明你的飞行是非常非常安全的。

冰岛机场方面的担心并非没有道理,民航客机起降都尽量避免遭受侧风,而试飞飞机却要寻求侧风,这就会造成安全风险。凯夫拉维克机场的跑道外就是城镇,一旦发生飞行事故,就可能威胁居民的安全。

2013年,俄罗斯一架SSJ100喷气式客机来到这里进行大侧风试验时就发生了硬着陆事故。自此,冰岛凯夫拉维克机场就再未开展过试飞工作,为了证明我们具备在严苛条件下安全起降的能力,哪怕是大雪天团队也没有停止试飞。团队尽可能详尽地提供试飞计划和飞机的安全评估报告,来换取冰岛方面的信任。经过一系列努力,在团队抵达冰岛的10天后,凯夫拉维克机场时隔5年时间,再一次开启了“十”字型跑道供飞机进行大侧风试飞。

  等风来

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