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成都兴隆湖有个天然“净水器”

2018-04-28 07:56:10    新华网

成都兴隆湖有个天然“净水器”

风景秀美的兴隆湖,成为市民休闲的好去处。胡大田摄

清风徐来,水草摇曳,鱼群游弋。四月的兴隆湖,一片盎然生机。

兴隆湖是四川省成都市最大的人工湖泊,最初蓄水时还是劣Ⅴ类水质,加上地形低洼,周边污染物容易汇入,许多人对兴隆湖水质的前景不看好。然而,如今兴隆湖“不浊反清”,不仅湖水大部分已达地表水Ⅳ类标准,部分湖区水质甚至达到Ⅲ类。

挖底泥、上工程是湖泊治理的常用手段。可兴隆湖没走这路子。其水质改善,依赖的是一台日夜运转的天然“净水器”——2015年开始,1.4亿株沉水植物、17万尾鱼虾和多种微生物菌等相继被种植、投放到湖中,以此构建的清水型生态系统,使兴隆湖具备了强大的自净能力。

构建植物净水“本底”,形成“草茂—水清—草更茂”良性循环

兴隆湖区面积约4500亩,东西长约2.6公里,南北长约1.3公里,是当地重要水源。“城市湖泊建成后,常面临水质污染,破解这样的难题,关键在于提升湖泊自我净化能力。”兴隆湖的建设施工单位——成都天府新区建设投资公司总工办副主任王琪表示,早在兴隆湖开工建设之前,相关净化实验就已展开。

2012年开始,相关科研单位针对兴隆湖未来水质修复进行系统研究,耗时3年的水力模型实验、污染物扩散实验等,让专家心里有了底,最终确定了构建清水型生态系统的方案。这一系统以植物为净水“本底”,将水体中大量的氮、磷等营养盐固定在植物体内,降低水体中营养盐。

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