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中国将建“超级风洞”:从模拟到复现 预计4年建成

2018-03-22 08:36:03    中国青年网

从模拟到复现 中国将建“超级风洞

本报记者 马爱平

热点追踪

据央视新闻频道3月16日报道,中科院高温气动力国家重点实验室工作人员透露,其团队正在研制的新风洞模拟马赫数可达10—25,试验流场直径2.5米,将是世界最高水平。

“作为先进飞行器的研发平台,建最高技术水平的风洞,全世界都在争。我们正在研制的这种新超高速风洞,计划四年左右建成。”21日,该重大项目的首席科学家姜宗林告诉科技日报记者。

风洞技术决定飞行器水平

风洞是推动航空航天飞行器发展的国家重器,一代风洞技术决定一代飞行器的研制水平,代表着一个国家的科研实力。

此次央视报道的“复现高超声速飞行条件激波风洞实验技术”(以下简称“JF12复现风洞”),有近300米长,是世界上最大的激波风洞,被国际同行称为“超级巨龙”(Hyper-Dragon),是国际首座可复现高超声速飞行条件的超大型高超声速风洞。姜宗林告诉记者,JF12复现风洞是地面气动试验这顶皇冠上的明珠,也是气体动力学研究领域科研人员心中的珠穆朗玛峰。

基于中国科学院院士、中科院力学所研究员、空气动力学家俞鸿儒的爆轰驱动方法,姜宗林团队从2000年就开始探索复现风洞理论与创新技术验证。经过了16年的艰苦努力,2017年完成JF12复现风洞的系列实验研究。

从国际高超声速风洞技术发展来看,JF12复现风洞突破了三大“卡脖子”的技术瓶颈:风洞驱动功率小、实验时间短、测量精度低。难能可贵的是,在复现风洞团队的研制工作中,从复现风洞理论,到以九项关键技术为核心的技术体系,再到风洞设计,这是一个“跨界”的研究过程。团队成员既是科学家,又是工程师。一套设备,几千张图纸,有多少疑难,就有多少讨论与质疑。通过不断的努力,他们做到了一次安装到位,一次调试成功。

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