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网络文学频现“抄袭门”:连错别字也一起抄

2017-09-28 07:42:51   

这种担心并非杞人忧天。前不久,著名作家韩少功给30多名文学研究生两首诗,其中一首是宋代诗人秦观的作品,而另一首是机器人模仿秦观创作的,结果没有人能识别出来。

欧阳友权认为,自动写作软件还只是刚刚起步,对文学创作的终极效果尚不明朗。“在我看来,在讲故事(如小说、剧本)、古典诗词、朦胧诗写作领域,自动写作软件大有可为,从总体上看,尽管文学创作不是作家的特权,但作家仍占据文学创作的绝对优势,写作软件暂时代替不了文学的人脑。”

打一场反抄袭的“人民战争”

据国家新闻出版广电总局统计,截至2016年底,国内40家主要网络文学网站作品总量1454.8万种,当年新增作品即达175万部。要想在如此之多的作品中发现抄袭,无异于大海捞针。实际上,目前发现的抄袭线索主要来自于读者。读者是监督网络文学抄袭最强大的力量。

欧阳友权说,网络读者众多,亿万读者的“火眼金睛”会让抄袭作品无处遁身,网络的交互性也容易把抄袭的情节、细节、故事框架乃至语言表达方式等等暴露在“阳光”之下。

现在一些热心网友通过网络组织起来,自发地比对雷同网文,揭发抄袭。“反抄袭吧”“言情小说抄袭举报处”“原耽抄袭侵权举报地”“网文抄袭排行榜”“今天挂抄袭了吗”等都吸引了大量读者。读者的监督、舆论以及商业力量的介入,都给抄袭者造成了巨大的压力。

文学网站也加强了反抄袭的力度。目前在作品上线之前一般都要做人工审核和机器查重。但正如欧阳友权所指出的,网络抄袭的根本原因在人,在创作者,在写作主体的能力不逮和功利心态。他说:“文化资本的逐利性、商业力量的诱惑力、读者市场的激烈竞争都是抄袭事件的直接推手,但它们背后还是人的价值观在起支配作用。如果一个网络作家能严于自律,经得住诱惑,少一点急功近利、多一些社会责任,少一点商业心态、多一点艺术追求,任何商业环境和技术语境都很难使自己走进抄袭的陷阱。”

本报记者 张 贺

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