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杨振宁回国养老享福?中科院院士:他回国做5项贡献

2017-09-19 17:22:00   中国青年网

杨先生回归后的新贡献,可以归纳为五个方面。一,作为有远见卓识的科学领导人所起的引领作用;二,作为物理学家在物理学研究领域所做的具体科学研究;三,作为教育家在培养中国年青一代杰出人才方面所做的贡献;四,作为科学史研究者,写下了一系列传世之作;五,其他方面的贡献。鉴于许多人并不清楚个中详情,今天借庆贺杨先生95华诞之际,我就杨振宁在这五个方面的具体贡献铺展开来,让更多人了解回归后的杨振宁。

 1 科学事业引领人

帮助发展中国的科学研究是杨振宁先生的夙愿。杨先生是中美关系中断多年以后于1971年7月第一位回国访问的美籍华裔科学家。从那时开始,他做了大量的实事,一直在尽心尽力帮助中国发展科技事业。回归以后,有了更大和更多的空间,在科学研究的组织和引领方面,他主要做了四方面的事情:一是成功地组建和领导清华大学高等研究院;二是为清华大学物理系的发展指明了方向;从根本上改变了清华物理系的面貌,三是对香港求是科技基金会和邵逸夫奖基金会的奠基性的指导;四是对中国大科学工程的卓见。

早在西南联大读研究生时,杨振宁和好友黄昆就认真讨论过在中国“successfully组织一个真正独立的物理中心”,认为其“重要性应该比得一个Nobel Prize 还高[5]。”杨振宁之后在普林斯顿高等研究院成功的经历,使他一直怀有一个梦想:在中国创办一个类似普林斯顿高等研究院这样的理论研究中心——几位世界级的理论大家带领一批有才华的年青人,引领世界理论物理和数学的研究。1970年代初期和中期正值“文革”,知识分子在劳动改造,他多次访问祖国,参观中亲眼见到大学教授在工厂把不同电阻分类,深感“在那些年里,中国政府片面的平等主义已经毁了中国的科学[6]”。在第二次回国的晚宴上,他直言不讳地向周恩来总理呼吁,要重视基础科学,虽然得到了周总理的积极响应,但是现实与他的梦想毕竟相离太远。“文革”后,祖国迎来了科学的春天,也开始重视基础理论研究。1980年代,杨先生积极帮助创建了中山大学高等学术研究中心和南开大学陈省身数学研究所理论物理研究室,两个机构都很成功,但还不是他心目中普林斯顿高等研究院的那种模式。1997年杨振宁答应清华大学的请求,创建清华大学高等研究中心(现称清华大学高等研究院),并担任名誉主任。杨先生和清华大学时任校领导经过多次商讨,确定以普林斯顿高等研究院为模板建设清华大学高等研究中心。

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