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北京市教委副主任李奕谈教改:聚焦学生的实际获得

2017-09-16 21:41:39   新华网

为此北京专门出台了乡村教师提升计划。这个计划聚焦于老师的保障水平和资源环境调整,包括涨工资、为乡村教师和薄弱地区学校老师提供到城区或名校学习的机会,这个教师培训计划已经运行了两年,有十几万人次的老师参加。

比如以前我们可能给学校配备钢琴、篮球架等硬件资源,现在更关注是不是有专业的篮球老师给辅导等“软件”资源的配备。在向农村教育的投入中,现在更倾向于投入到教师素质的提升、学校管理水平的提升,以及学校精细化资源的构建上。

《瞭望》:教育薄弱地区的孩子如何能获得丰富的教育资源?

李奕:以组织社会实践活动为例:论教育资源,当然是城里的资源更丰富,过去也只有本地区的孩子能享受到。现在,我们通过政府购买服务,打破资源边界,让延庆、密云的孩子也可以到城里来参加活动,共同完成一个项目。这就需要在体制机制上有新的突破,包括经费、办学方式上的突破,否则这些孩子仍然走不出乡村,走不出学校,仍然没有实际获得,他的福祉何来?

均衡教育资源,增加交流互动很重要。比如让北京最北部山区的一个乡村喇叭沟门的孩子,和西城、海淀的孩子在一起交流。过去学校之间是独立的,彼此见不到。现在让他们见着了,对彼此的成长都更加有益。

《瞭望》:你怎么看很多家长为孩子设计的上“好幼儿园-好小学-好中学-好大学”的成长道路?

李奕:我们并不排斥这种说法,当然要为孩子选一个好小学、好初中、好高中。但关键是这个“好”,是以学校单体过度占有资源封闭的“好”,还是开放、共享的“好”?

北京率先在一批优质学校实行集团化、联盟化办学探索,以此带动薄弱地区薄弱学校,而且,这并不是简单的、单向的付出,而是获得了更丰富的教育资源。比如说五所学校联盟,我贡献的是五分之一,获得的是五分之四。

在一些开放性实践活动当中,学校积极鼓励自己的孩子走出学校,去跟其他同学一块合作。这种交往是以前基础教育供给当中给不了的,也是单一好学校给不了的。

实际上现在教育系统都已取得共识了,简单地、封闭地取得一个学科的技能,学生将来很难适应社会,甚至适应不了现在的中考和高考——中考和高考也是开放性的,甚至答案和题目都是开放性的。

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