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“学术特区”特在哪儿,掣肘又在哪儿?

2017-09-14 08:06:22   新华网

“创新驱动实际上就是人才驱动,学术特区是科研体制改革的排头兵,采用国际通行的方法引进使用人才,目的是让人才把创新能力发挥到极致。”冯新华说。

 学术特区成绩来自哪儿

南开大学化学学院和药物化学生物学国家重点实验室共引进海内外优秀青年人才41人,19人入选国家“青年千人计划”;浙江大学生命科学研究院引进25名青年人才,全部入选国家“青年千人计划”;北京生物科学研究所自2003年引进、培养青年人才50余位后,迅速跻身该领域国内外研究机构第一方阵。

这样的成绩从何而来?最重要的是学术自主权。“原创性的科学研究往往是无法预料和人为主导的,必须给予充分的自由,让科学家自己去探索。”国务院侨办海外专家咨询委员会委员、美国杜克大学教授王小凡说。

“科研最根本的是要发现前人没有发现的东西,需要强大的毅力和定力。如果科学家自身没有动力,外部再施压也没有用。”北京生命科学研究所所长王晓东说。

在享有充分学术自主权的同时,学术特区还坚持两条原则——严引进,严考核。青年学者任职几年后,由国际专家组成的科学指导委员会对研究人员的工作进行匿名评估,给出具体建议。

“国际专家都来自海外对标学校,如果学者的学术水平也能在美国一流大学拿到终身制教职,那才意味着通过了考核。”冯新华说,近年来浙江大学生命科学研究院的学术产出、各类科研项目资助在浙江大学的研究机构中名列前茅,但仍有个别学者没有通过国际专家的严格考核,只能离开。

南开大学副校长佟家栋说:“为保证引进人才质量,不称职者将被解除聘任合同,这解决了高校人才引进工作中一直难以突破的待遇低、路径长、不合格人才难以流动等问题。”

“学术特区是我国高校和研究机构走出的一条人才培养新路子。”王小凡说。

 学术特区发展掣肘在哪儿

虽然其探索被寄予厚望,但学术特区也面临一些成长的烦恼,受到“特区是否该一直‘特’下去”的质疑。

“在学院建设方面,经常遇到实际问题不好解决,这时大家就坐下来讨论,根据实际需要、客观条件寻找相应的解决办法,但有时不那么容易。”赵斌说,作为新生事物的学术特区,如何在传统体制中更好地成长,目前仍然是考验各方的一道难题。

“学术特区要保持发展动力,一方面需要国家、高校倾力支持,另一方面则需要不断产生重大成果,用实力说话。”冯新华说。

在不少研究人员看来,人才流动可以被视为学术特区正在产生的溢出效应。北京生物科学研究所流动到中科院相关研究所和清华、复旦等高校的青年学者,已成为所在部门的学术带头人;浙江大学生命科学研究院通过学院间专家的互聘、兼聘,整体推进了浙江大学生命医学的学科排名。

“学术特区建设的根本目的并不是提供特殊待遇,而是要通过先行先试,积累经验,探索扩大改革的可行性。”西安交通大学公共政策与管理学院副教授梅红说。

“‘特区’发展路径,我们在经济制度上已有过实践,在科技创新上也正在尝试。”王小凡说。

在冯新华看来,随着改革的深入,传统体制和学术特区正在慢慢接轨。“学术特区的探索,将促进我国学术体制更加完善,为科学研究、科技创新插上腾飞的翅膀。”(半月谈记者 朱涵 韦慧)

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