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从脚踏实地到手捧云天

2017-09-10 12:46:39   央广网

国产大型客机C919发动机点火成功。光明图片

党的十八大之后,中国航空工业几代人的厚积薄发,终于迎来了丰收时刻。2013年1月26日,绰号“鲲鹏”的运-20首飞取得成功。因可爱外形而被昵称为“胖妞”的运-20,在三剑客中先声夺人成了老大姐。

国产水陆两栖飞机AG600实现总装下线。陈肖摄/光明图片

随后,2015年11月2日,C919总装下线;2016年7月23日,AG600总装下线。国产大飞机你追我赶,在今年5月C919成功首飞之后,AG600也即将首飞,而运-20早已在2016年7月正式列装。承载着几十年航空梦想的国产大飞机,即将“全部入列”。

国产大型运输机运-20进行静态展示。光明图片/视觉中国

上百万个精细零部件,几乎覆盖所有工业门类的高端制造——中国大飞机代表着中国制造的“超级高度”。大飞机是航空制造的“高端产品”,因其技术集成要求高、生产工艺十分复杂等因素,历来是检验一个国家制造业综合实力和水平的“试金石”。

运-20仅用了国外同类飞机一半左右的时间就成功首飞,实现了我国大型运输机自主发展“零”的突破,标志着我国成功跻身于世界上少数几个能自主研制200吨级大型机的国家之列。运-20的研制兼顾了大型运输飞机的多任务能力和民用飞机的适航安全性要求,集成了各个行业的最新成果。

C919走出了一条“中国设计、系统集成、全球招标,逐步提升国产化”的发展道路,形成了“自主研制、国际合作、国际标准”的技术路线。同时,一个以上海为龙头,陕西、四川、江西、辽宁、江苏等22个省市、200多家企业、近20万人参与的民用飞机产业链得以形成,提升了我国航空产业配套能力和水平。

AG600的5万多个结构件和2万多个系统件98%都是国内供应商制造提供,全机国产化率达到90%以上,动力系统完全国产,实现了中国人在航空领域的全新突破。在AG600飞机研制中,按照“主承制商—供应商”的“大协作”模式,中航工业充分利用中国航空工业及其他行业和民营企业的资源开展型号研制工作。国内共有20个省市、150多家企事业单位、十余所高校的数以万计的科研人员参与了项目研制。

目前,首飞成功的C919已经拥有中国国际航空公司等23家国内外用户,订单总数570架,其中包括美国通用电气租赁等国际客户;AG600也已经获得17架意向订单。日前,C919进入高强度、大密度试飞阶段,以保证按期取得适航证,拿到走向市场的通行证;AG600预计将于2020年年底完成试飞任务,2021年取得适航许可证,届时将可投入市场使用。

《光明日报》( 2017年09月10日 11版)

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