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山西:做好农业“加减法” 加快玉米“去库存”

2017-09-04 17:00:58   新华网

如今,随着玉米生产过剩,越来越多的人将目光又投向了小杂粮。杨耀堂是沁县南里乡中里村的农民,去年种的玉米产量虽不低,但价低难卖让他发愁不已。今年杨耀堂决定拿出一半地改种谷子。

发展小杂粮,是山西农业结构调整的需求,更是一个重要的特色产业扶贫工程。据统计,在山西58个贫困县中,小杂粮生产县就占到42个,发展杂粮产业,已成为新形势下产业扶贫的重要抓手。

在岚县顺会乡,“岚州香1号”小米的种植已经辐射到全乡500多户、1000多亩,今年的产量将达30万公斤。“我家种的就是‘岚州香1号’小米,去年1亩地产下了300公斤,6亩地卖了12000多元。”顺会乡刘衬会村村民温宝亮说。

“借助小杂粮,完全能实现贫困户增收致富的梦想。”岚县县长乔云说,目前全县小杂粮种植面积达到15万亩,每亩可为农户提供纯收入1200元以上。

山西省农业厅种植业处副处长孙跃武表示,到2020年,山西的杂粮面积将要发展到1600万亩以上,亩产提高20%以上,努力建成全国优质杂粮示范基地。

中药材:农民转型变药农

“8亩板蓝根收入1万多元,这是我们想都不敢想的事儿。”在右玉县李达窑乡黄家窑村,贫苦户张建平掰着手指算去年的收入。

“过去我们村种玉米的多,由于缺水,亩产量只有八九百斤,‘靠天吃饭’只能挨饿受穷。”黄家窑村村支书张宝军说,“去年,我们村试种了230亩板蓝根,市场上很好,不少人都脱了贫,今年大家种药材的积极性更高了。”

中药材产业增收效果明显,受到广大农户欢迎。目前,山西省中药材种植面积已有265万亩,占全国中药材种植面积的12.6%。

在长子县,陈菁土地托管专业合作社理事长陈菁告诉记者,现在不论是大户还是散户,对于种植玉米的积极性都在迅速下降,向中草药等高附加值作物进行调整,是很多农户的做法。

“从我们合作社自身而言,土地托管总面积500多亩,以玉米和中草药种植为主,其中玉米近300亩,平均亩产650公斤左右,如果以每公斤1.5元的价格出售,是略微赔本的;而中草药每亩地纯收入可达5000元以上。”陈菁说。

山西省中药材产业发展领导组办公室负责人闫和健说,贫困地区往往中药材资源丰富,山西正逐步形成了以党参、连翘为主的太行山中药材基地,以柴胡、板蓝根为主的太岳山中药材基地,以黄芪为主的恒山中药材基地,传统中药材产业真正成为山区农民脱贫致富的一剂“良药”。

“山西农业的出路在‘特’而不在‘大’,在功能而不在规模。”山西省农业厅厅长关建勋说,今后山西将按照“稳粮、优经、扩饲”的思路,调整优化种养结构,加快玉米“去库存”,推动建设以功能农业为引领的国家特色农产品优势区。

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