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医联体共享瓶颈咋破?

2017-09-02 18:40:50   新华网

复旦大学公共卫生学院教授黄葭燕认为,“在医联体建设的过程中,如何调动各方的积极性,让参与建设医联体的大医院更具有动力,把医生引下去、把医疗资源沉下去,整合资源,让病人分流。医联体建设的目的是促进分级诊疗,而不应该单把盈利作为纽带。”

医联体建设还需要制度设计和配套措施。专家认为,由于部分地区医联体未建立部门协同推进、机构分工协作、医疗资源共享、利益风险共担等机制,缺少保障长效运行的制度设计。配套支持政策还不完善,部分地区在医保支付方式、人事薪酬激励、药品配备使用、服务价格调整等方面的改革力度还不强。

 “共同体”:让服务真正围绕患者转,而非患者追着服务跑

专家认为,扎实推进医联体建设,重点要形成“四个共同体”,促使医疗资源真正下沉:一是形成“服务共同体”,完善畅通的双向转诊机制;二是形成“责任共同体”,完善权责一致的引导机制;三是形成“利益共同体”,完善利益分配机制;四是建立“管理共同体”,完善区域医疗资源整合与共享机制。

未来,医联体将是“服务共同体”,以群众的健康需求为中心,实现就诊转诊的无缝衔接,形成医院与基层结合、医疗与医保结合、医疗与预防结合的医疗卫生服务新模式。明确各级各类医疗机构功能定位和诊疗范围,开通双向转诊的绿色通道,实现医联体内的同质化服务。比如,深圳罗湖医院集团通过集中建立医学影像诊断中心等,医联体内医疗机构互认检查检验结果,实现“基层检查、医院诊断”的服务模式,共享资源、提升效率。

未来,医联体还将是“利益共同体”,这样才使优质医疗资源自动下沉到基层,效果显现。比如,通过医保的经济杠杆作用,以医联体为单位实行按人头医保总额打包付费,建立“结余留用、合理超支分担”的预付机制和结余资金合理分配机制。实践证明,这样的“利益共同体”,是推动医联体内各个医疗机构密切合作的有效措施。

“怎样让服务围绕患者转,而不是让患者追着服务跑?”国家卫计委相关负责人介绍,“医联体建设和家庭医生签约服务,是推进分级诊疗制度的两个‘翅膀’。将优质医疗资源沉入基层,提升服务整体效能,实现医疗卫生体系持续发展,就必须牢牢抓住医联体建设的契机,打通阻碍机构协作、资源整合的各种壁垒。”

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