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全球二氧化碳监测科学实验卫星发射成功

2016-12-22 04:10:59   

全球变暖、极端天气……严峻的气候变化形势面前,减少二氧化碳等温室气体的排放成为必然选择。碳排放的量化监测是各国最终实现温室气体减排的重要技术基础,在所有的碳排放量监测手段中,目前只有星载高光谱温室气体探测技术既能对二氧化碳等温室气体浓度进行高精度探测,又能获取全球各区域的气体浓度分布数据。

正因如此,各发达国家纷纷研发专用卫星。由于技术难度极高,目前仅有两颗卫星从太空监视地球温室气体排放:一颗由日本2009年发射,一颗由美国2014年发射。

李加洪介绍,我国发射的碳卫星通过地面数据接收、处理与验证系统,定期获取全球二氧化碳分布图,使我国在大气二氧化碳监测方面跻身国际前列。

“持家先要有账本,这个‘账本’就是我们自己监测到的碳排放量。” 李加洪说。

“高精尖”未来有望测雾霾

碳卫星上除了搭载二氧化碳探测仪,还有另一件“利器”——多谱段云与气溶胶探测仪。这台探测仪可以测量云、大气颗粒物等辅助信息,为科学家精确反向推演二氧化碳浓度剔除干扰因素。

多谱段云与气溶胶探测仪虽然不是“主角”,但可能会带来许多意想不到的收获。

杨忠东说,多谱段云与气溶胶探测仪能监测大气中的颗粒物,可以帮助气象学家提高天气预报的准确性,并为研究PM2.5等大气污染成因提供重要数据支撑。

研究人员表示,具体如何监测雾霾,要等碳卫星传送回第一份数据后再做分析判断。

此外,碳卫星实现全球观测,是卫星平台频繁调整姿态、“翩翩起舞”的结果。在此过程中,科研人员突破了多项关键技术,实现了技术跨越发展。(完)

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