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新华社谈个税改革:年入12万元属于高收入群体吗?

2016-10-24 21:54:19   新华社

原标题:年收入12万元属于高收入群体吗?--聚焦个税改革三大焦点

新华社北京10月24日电

新华社“新华视点”记者

近期,有观点称“年收入12万元以上被定为高收入群体,要加税”,引发社会对个税改革的关注。到底年收入多少属于高收入群体?个税改革的方向是什么?将面临哪些难点?

多位熟知个税改革的财政部和国家税务总局专家24日对“新华视点”记者回应表示,年收入12万元并非划分高低收入人群的界限,不存在以年收入12万元为分界加税的情况。

焦点一:年收入多少属于高收入者?

近期,国务院发布的《关于激发重点群体活力带动城乡居民增收的实施意见》明确,对技能人才、新型职业农民、科技人员等七类群体,推出差别化收入分配激励政策。其中提出,要进一步发挥税收调节收入分配的作用,适当加大对高收入者的税收调节力度。

这项政策提及的“高收入者”,按什么标准来确定?有舆论认为,年收入12万元以上的属于高收入群体,将是个税改革中重点调节的人群,这意味着年收入超过12万元以上群体个税将增加。

记者采访了解到,“年收入超过12万元以上属于高收入者”的说法,源于从2006年开始实施的个税申报制度。根据个人所得税申报相关规定,年所得12万元以上的应自行办理纳税申报。

业内专家介绍,在个税申报政策制定时,年收入超过12万元的,确实是收入比较高的群体,如申报实施第一年,全国仅有168万人申报。国家税务总局税收科学研究所所长李万甫介绍,当时选择年收入超过12万元的群体进行纳税申报,是为后续个税改革进行试点探索积累经验。年收入12万元,并不涉及高低收入人群划分界限。

那么,年收入多少才属于高收入者?长期跟踪个税改革的中国财政科学研究院研究员孙钢说,在中低收入和高收入的划分上,国际上及我国均没有法律确定的标准,税法上也从没有确定过高收入的标准。“我国不同人群和不同地区收入存在差距,高收入群体和低收入群体只是相对概念,不是绝对概念。”

以个税最高税率适用群体为例,我国适用于个税45%以上税率的,为年所得96万元以上群体,是我国去年城镇职工平均收入的15.5倍;美国适用最高39.6%税率的,是年所得40万美元以上群体,约为美国人均收入的9.3倍。

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