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重庆发生两起马蜂蜇人事件致一死六伤

2016-10-07 14:34:05   央广网

蜂蛰伤需及时送院对症治疗

新桥医院急诊科主任周人杰教授介绍,最近一个月,该院就接诊过几起被马蜂蜇伤的病例。而大多数被蜂蜇伤的患者并非故意惹事,可谓防不胜防。很多被袭击的案例都是莫名其妙,如走在路上被狠叮、看见大马蜂用手轻轻扇,甚至有时候一些女性穿着鲜艳一些,也会被马蜂“偷吻”。

专家介绍,秋季是马蜂伤人的高发季节,主要是因为马蜂在秋季进行交配繁殖,需要大量摄取食物,马蜂的性情也变得暴躁,对惊扰异常敏感,容易蜇人。

而被马蜂蜇伤后,有的人没大碍,而有的却多器官衰竭甚至死亡。周主任介绍,这是因为马蜂蜇人时排出的毒液含有神经性或血液性毒素,会在人体内形成强烈免疫反应,这因人而异,有的是局部过敏反应,有的会引起肝、肾、心脏等器官功能衰竭,严重的可引发休克或身亡。

此外,由于临床上对于蜂毒缺乏特效药,对于蜂蛰伤后都采取对症治疗,例如肝肾受损就保肝保肾,凝血功能不好就针对血液功能改善进行治疗。而送到新桥医院的三位患者先后都出现了肝肾功能衰竭症状,所以他们立即对其进行了目前最先进的血液灌流治疗,通过高分子树脂材料吸附血液中的毒素,及时挽救了伤者性命。

专家提醒,被马蜂蜇后,伤处往往会出现红肿、刺痛,或出现淤点和皮肤坏死,这是中毒的表现,多数人的症状一般在数小时至数天内消失。建议可自行将蜂刺挑出,用肥皂水清洗患处,然后进行局部消毒。但如果发现被蜇伤者呼吸困难、呼吸声音变粗、带有喘息声,头晕、胸闷、手足麻木等全身性症状,要立即送医急救。

有昆虫学专家还提醒,如果在野外发现一只马蜂围着你转圈,就要小心了。这是马蜂在侦察,证明你已经接近蜂巢。这时候千万不要攻击它,否则它会发出信息激素,让别的马蜂支援。马上静止下来,等它离开是最好的方式。同时,专家也建议,如果遭遇马蜂袭击,最好就地趴下,用衣服盖住头,或者把衣服在天空抡几圈以后,扔向远方,吸引蜂群追赶,人则向反方向跑。就地趴下是最直接最有效的方法,因为马蜂一般攻击离地面较高的地方。

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