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小苏打可以“饿死”癌细胞?当事医生回应质疑

2016-09-25 23:14:26   每日经济新闻

其次,反应到什么程度,才算有效?这方面,有很多标准。比如RECIST标准,这个标准主要针对放化疗的效果,治疗后肿瘤缩小50%认为有效。

另外还有EASL标准,也是本研究中采用的标准。栓塞治疗,肝癌的缩小需要经过很长时间,EASL标准主要看坏死率,坏死了多少,坏死50%以上认为是有效。

在我们的研究中,40例病人有效反应率100%,这个数字是真实的。后来又做了上百例,当然也有无效的,但总的有效率在90%以上。

问:40人的研究,样本量是不是太小,无法说明问题?

胡汛:临床研究,有大样本研究、小样本研究,我们这次是一个小样本、单中心的研究。

我们开展的研究是探索性的研究(Pilot Study),前沿性的研究。我们只是引领性的作用,向大家报告了这么一种现象。

晁明:临床研究,有很严格的入组标准、排除标准。与真实的治疗场景肯定不一样。

问:十几块钱的小苏打可以“饿死”癌细胞,是否意味着将来的治疗费用可以大大降低?

晁明:晁明:提高疗效减少了重复治疗的次数,总体的医疗费用一定会得到降低。比较大的肝癌肿瘤,可能会需要很多轮次的cTACE,但这个疗法提高了治疗的有效性,可以减少治疗次数,从而减少总体治疗费用。小苏打是一种非常便宜的药物,并没有增加原来基础cTACE的费用根据初步研究结果,反映出来的肿瘤残留率相对治疗效果提高80%

胡汛:根据肿瘤残留率来讲,在这个研究中,单次治疗后TILA-TACE组肿瘤平均残留百分率是cTACE组的肿瘤平均残留百分率的1/6,用肿瘤平均残留百分率反映出来的相对治疗效果提高了80%。

问:TILA-TACE是一个全新的治疗,还是在原有治疗手段上的改良?怎么评价小苏打的作用,是否真像有些人说的那样,只不过一点佐料?

晁明:动脉插管化疗栓塞术是上世纪70年代,由日本学者提出的,一直沿用至今,确实有疗效。但这个治疗有一个瓶颈,疗效不高。所以我们两人一直在探讨,如何能提高疗效。于是,有了TILA-TACE。

胡教授2012年发表的研究,是肿瘤治疗思路的创新,是机制的创新。所以TILA-TACE 是有科学背景的,不是改良,是创新,是中国学者提出来的一种新的治疗思路。

胡汛:我们的研究中,有两个发现是创新的:

第1, 乳酸阴离子和氢离子的协同作用,使得肿瘤细胞在葡萄糖很少时非常节约地利用葡萄糖,在没有葡萄糖进入的情况下进入“休眠”状态,当有葡萄糖供应时即可恢复生长。提出了乳酸根和氢离子在肿瘤细胞耐受葡萄糖剥夺中的重要做用,发表在2012年的Journal of Pathology。

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