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湖北当阳爆炸事故出事企业曾发生泄漏事件

2016-08-13 03:42:27   新京报

当阳市常务副市长李小军称,马店矸石发电有限责任公司法人已被控制,共6名相关人员正在当阳市公安机关接受调查。

重案组37号(微信号:zhonganzu37)获悉,该电厂此前曾出现安全环保隐患,发生过类似泄露事件,以及废气排放超标、多次焊缝裂开修补情况。

8月12日上午的事故现场。新京报记者 林斐然 摄

焦点

此次高压蒸汽管道破裂原因何在?

该电厂一名员工向重案组37号(微信号:zhonganzu37)介绍,爆炸点位于一栋五层楼厂房,长80多米,宽30多米,各层都布置了形如长城烽火台状的管道。一楼有两台大型发电机,屋后有三座巨大的锅炉。

蒸汽外泄点位于三楼的中控台,长约20米,中控台与管道之间为双层玻璃隔开。管道直径426mm,外层包有300mm左右厚度的白色保温棉。“一靠近就全身发热,站两分钟就满头大汗,不到10分钟就要到外面去喘口气。”

在工人们看来,哪怕一个小孔蒸汽外泄也能致命,“像针一样,高温可以把身体刺穿。”

据国家安监总局消息,经初步调查分析,事故主要原因是,2号锅炉蒸汽出口处主管道流量计阀门焊缝裂开,大量高温高压蒸汽外溢,导致主控室玻璃破裂,造成主控室人员严重伤亡。事故详细原因正在进一步调查中。

国家电网中国电力科学研究院副总工程师蔡国雄介绍,出现事故的蒸汽管道,是火电厂的标配,一般会将煤炭和煤矸石混合燃烧,当锅炉燃烧完后就会产生蒸汽,再用蒸汽推动蒸汽轮机。锅炉和蒸汽轮机间有一段距离,此次发生事故的就是这一部分输送高温高压蒸汽的管道。

而管道焊接位置在强度上弱于其他部分,出现问题可能存在焊接质量不好,或者是在长期运行中,焊缝处逐渐发生开裂。因此,平日里对焊接处进行检测尤为重 要。一般情况下,在焊接后要对焊缝质量进行超声波鉴定,每条焊缝都要确保安全。“一旦瞬间蒸汽流量变大,锅炉压力和温度增高,都可能导致焊缝开裂”。

从空间上看,高温高压瞬间喷出数百摄氏度的蒸汽,将产生巨大的冲击力,“蒸汽本身没有毒性,但温度很高,压力很高,厂房是封闭的,会把建筑物、窗户打 碎,人一下子会被推倒,造成烫伤等情况。实际上,主控室并不需要太多运行人员,但如果当时正在调试,有可能安装和调试人员均在现场,造成较大人员伤亡。”

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