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延迟退休方案将年底前征求意见 第一批或延退3到4个月

2016-06-18 08:52:22   中国经营报

第一批或延迟3到4个月退休

对于延迟退休启动时期的方案设想,“目前讨论是3到4个月。”

人社部发言人李忠曾对外表示,党的十八届三中全会决定提出研究制定渐进式延迟退休年龄政策,五中全会进一步提出出台渐进式延迟退休年龄政策,这是立足我国国情,深入分析经济社会发展趋势,借鉴国际经验,推动建立更加公平、可持续的社会保障制度的重大举措。

李忠表示,总的考虑是,根据人口老龄化的趋势和劳动力状况,把握调整的节点和节奏,“小步慢走,渐进到位”,即每年只会延长几个月的退休年龄,同时提前向社会预告,给公众以心理预期。

但是,由于退休金一直保持着较高的增长,导致社会对延迟退休的积极性并不高。

发改委就业和收入分配改革司人士透露,“我们去调研,有的地方特别是地市一级的人,出现了退休年龄54岁的现象。”

“因为很多人感觉到退休以后收入更有保障,按照国家政策,退休收入每年增长10%左右,而政策对在职的人激励不足,所以肯定不愿意工作。”

该人士透露:“我们收入的增长赶不上现在养老金的增长,这对在职人员也是一个刺激。”

经国务院批准,从2016年1月1日起,调整企业和机关事业单位退休人员基本养老金水平,总体调整水平为2015年退休人员月人均基本养老金的6.5%左右。

延迟退休应对老龄化

对于延迟退休的原因,人口学家有众多思考。

发改委人士透露:“劳动年龄人口实际上从2012年开始就已经出现了下降,劳动力的成本持续上升,对养老制度提出了挑战,有关这个方面已经做出预测,现在大数是3个人养一个,2025年的时候大数是2个人养一个,到2050年几乎是1.11人养一个人,所以人口的年龄结构对我们养老制度的影响非常明显。”

面对人口老龄化问题的临近和未来劳动力总量的减少,延迟退休成为了必然之举。

“除了劳动力总量和人均寿命延长这些因素,排在第三位的因素是社保基金的支付压力。”一位社保专家解释目前延迟退休的原因。

西班牙政府2011年与工会组织达成协议,决定把大多数人的法定退休年龄由65岁推迟至67岁,以削减财政赤字。

英国要求养老保险要交满39年,英国现在退休年龄在欧洲也比较高,67岁退休,而且到2020年还要提高到68岁。

2010年,法国提高退休年龄,曾经引发全国大罢工,抗议政府提高退休年龄,法国延迟退休的原因是为了增加劳动力供给、提高劳动参与率。

人社部部长尹蔚民曾表示,我国是目前世界上退休年龄最早的国家之一,平均退休年龄不到55岁。

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