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多地存住宅用地使用权到期情况 自动续期难操作

2016-04-25 01:57:45    重庆时报

原标题:重庆也存在住宅用地使用权到期情况

近日,温州住宅建设用地使用权年限到期一事引起社会关注。曾经因政策原因而出让的20年、30年的土地,如今面临续期,是否收费等问题。

温州住宅建设用地使用权到期并非个案,深圳、青岛、重庆等地都存在类似情况。

随着一些地方土地使用权“撞限”,如何续期无法回避。消除“模糊空间”、作出具体的法律解释,需尽早提上日程。

  温州现首例土地使用权到期案例

今年3月份,温州市民王女士买了一套二手房,办理房产证和契证后,但是4月7日,买卖双方去过户土地证时却发现,房子的土地使用证只有20年,而且已在3月4日过期了。

王女士来到温州市鹿城区行政审批窗口,工作人员告诉他,要拿到新的土地证,必须补缴费用延长土地使用期限,初步估算,这笔续期费大约要30万元,而这套房子,总价才65.8万元。

据了解,这是全国首例住宅土地使用权到期的情况。而温州国土部门初步摸排,单市区土地使用年限在2017年底到期的房产有600多宗(套)。

  深圳、青岛、重庆等都存在类似情况

目前看,温州住宅建设用地使用权到期并非个案,深圳、青岛、重庆等地都存在类似情况。

事实上,本世纪初,深圳市内国际商业大厦等多栋楼宇的部分物业土地使用权,已经达到20年期限,成为国内首批土地使用权年限到期的案例。深圳市后来出台方案,明确土地使用权年限到期的房地产,可以通过补交地价或支付土地租金方式延长土地使用年限。其中,补交地价额度为一次性支付相应用途公告基准地价的35%。

重庆市民张先生告诉记者,在其他城市购置商品住宅,土地证上使用年限都是70年,但在重庆购买的房屋土地证上,使用年限都只有50年,“这种情况非常普遍”。据当地业内人士介绍,重庆市规划确定的土地用途不少为综合用地,因此从1994年起,在土地出让签订合同中,包括居住在内的综合用地使用年限均为50年。

  说好的70年权限为何“缩水”?

在不少公众的印象中,购置房屋的“产权”多数都是70年,怎么会年限“缩水”呢?

参与物权法起草的一些人士表示,公众首先要明确,房屋所有权和土地使用权不同。房屋所有权即房产权,是私有财产权的一种,受宪法和物权法保护,没有期限限制。而土地使用权是有期限的,目前规定的住宅用地最高使用年限是70年。

之所以目前一些地方出现20年、30年、50年等不同使用年限,地方政府提出的理由主要有三类:

一是在政策范围内调整。温州市国土局称,上世纪90年代,在土地出让政策开始执行时,该市在不超过居住用地最高年限70年的前提下,按20年到70年分档,由受让方自行选择给予办理出让手续。地方国土部门称,土地使用年限降低,可减少缴纳相应的土地出让金,在一定程度上可降低房价,让利给终端消费者。

二是方便管理和处置。重庆市国土局在解释为何土地使用权期限是50年时称,因为重庆市多数房地产开发以商业与住宅混合类型为主,一个项目中若按商业、住宅最高出让年限确定不同出让年限,势必会出现一栋建筑中,商业、住宅出让终止时间不一致的情况,带来处置困难。

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