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两部委发文挺棚改 困难市县可由省政府代筹资

2016-04-21 04:02:26    每日经济新闻

原标题:两部委发文挺棚改 困难市县可由省政府代发债券筹资

每经记者 冯彪

作为本届政府重要的民生项目,4月20日,财政部、住建部联合发布《关于进一步做好棚户区改造相关工作的通知》(以下简称《通知》),再次为棚户区改造提供政策、资金支持。

《通知》要求,各级财政、住房城乡建设部门要加大对棚户区改造的支持力度,落实税费优惠政策,落实棚改贷款贴息政策,推进政府购买棚户区改造服务,做好与棚户区改造贷款衔接工作。对于需要由政府主导运作的2016年新开工棚户区改造项目,要按照规定实施政府购买服务,一律不得通过融资平台公司等企业举借政府债务。

对此,易居研究院智库中心研究总监严跃进向《每日经济新闻》记者表示:“政府购买服务有利于提高资金使用效率,而对融资平台的限制也将理顺棚改资金的来源和使用方式。”

困难市县可由省级代发债券

数据显示,根据国务院2015~2017的棚改计划,全国期内要开工改造1800万套棚户区。实际上,去年全国已开工了601万套,今年还要开工改造600万套。

不过,在今年全国两会期间,住建部副部长倪虹也坦承,“十三五”期间棚户区改造的“硬骨头”项目越来越多,征收拆迁的难度也会更大。另外,由于一些地方财政收入的增速放缓,资金配套难度也会增加。

《每日经济新闻》记者注意到,此次两部委的《通知》可谓是拿出了“真金白银”。

具体来看,2016年,中央财政补助力度将不低于上年;省级财政也要加大对财力困难市县棚改的支持力度;市县财政要通过一般公共预算、政府性基金预算、国有资本经营预算等多渠道筹集棚户区改造资金。

实际上,财政部于去年8月26日公布的《关于做好城市棚户区改造相关工作的通知》就提出,对棚改项目免收各项收费基金、土地出让收入,以及落实税收减免政策,推广实施棚改项目贷款贴息。此次《通知》也表示,将落实上述各项税费优惠政策,降低棚改成本。

值得一提的是,省级财政除可以将棚改补助资金重点向任务较重且财力困难市县倾斜外,还可以加大对财力困难市县的转移支付力度。同时,财力困难市县因棚改任务确需举借政府债务弥补资金不足的,可以在核定的债务限额内,通过省级政府代发地方政府债券筹集资金。

对此,严跃进表示:“棚改项目既能改善群众住房条件,对于当前部分城市房地产去库存也有作用。政府加大资金支持力度推动棚改可实现一举多得的效果。”

大力规范地方融资平台

今年2月6日公布的《中共中央国务院关于进一步加强城市规划建设管理工作的若干意见》提出,创新棚户区改造体制机制,推动政府购买棚改服务,推广政府与社会资本合作模式,构建多元化棚改实施主体。此次《通知》也提及,要推进政府购买棚改服务。

在业内专家看来,政府购买服务的模式,能够发挥市场机制作用,把服务事项按照一定的方式和程序,交由具备条件的社会力量或企业承担,有利于转变政府职能,切实提高财政资金使用效率。

值得注意的是,《通知》要求,对于2015年底以前开工的棚改续建项目,可以继续按照已签订的合同规定发放棚改贷款,不纳入地方政府债务,地方政府不得出具任何形式的担保函。

对此,严跃进向《每日经济新闻》记者分析指出,“地方政府之所以要开担保函,是因为部分项目工程进度和营销成本非常不确定,往往在资金回笼比较慢的情况下,商业银行贷款的质量会恶化。上述政策是对过去棚改中资金来源和使用乱象的纠正。”

《通知》同时要求,对于需要由政府主导运作的2016年新开工棚改项目,要按照规定实施政府购买服务,一律不得通过融资平台公司等企业举借政府债务。并且,各地原融资平台公司通过市场化改制,建立现代企业制度,实现市场化运营,在明确公告今后不再承担政府融资职能的前提下,可作为承接主体,与其他市场主体平等参与棚户区改造工作。

“部分融资平台公司不再是传统的事业单位性质,而是逐渐转变为企业性质,这样从成本控制、财务体系建立等角度来进行融资和投资,才会更有效率。”严跃进表示。

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