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北京医改方案公布:患者将可凭处方到药店购药

2016-03-17 03:09:06    新京报

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  放开“特需”价格会否挤占普通医疗比例?

对于设立在北京众多公立医院的“特需”和国际医疗服务,一方面被患者视为“看专家”的保留渠道,另一方面也存在“特权服务”、“VIP”等争议。

昨天,新公布的方案显示,北京将改革新增医疗服务项目价格管理方式,逐步缩小政府定价范围。同时,将放开公立医院特需医疗服务价格,对市场竞争比较充分或个性化需求比较强的医疗服务项目交由市场管理,实行市场调节价。

北京一家三级医院院长对新京报记者表示,目前,医院对于特需服务投入的成本普遍比较昂贵。特需一个房间最多两个人,还要配备冰箱、微波炉、电视等,医护人员也要专配。不管是先期投入,还是运行维护成本都比较高。基于此,医院特需服务收入在整体收入中占比仅为5%左右。

“今后特需医疗价格放开之后,可以依据医院的成本核算来确定,更加合理化。”北京大学公共卫生学院教授周子君昨天表示。

那么,是否特需医疗会变为“天价医疗”,从而为患者增加负担,并且刺激公立医院扩大特需规模的意愿?周子君认为,首先,特需医疗服务满足的是特殊患者的特定需要,通过“多付费”来实现才是合理的。

同时,他表示,自2009年,国家即提出要求,特需医疗在公立医院所占比例须控制在10%以下。因此,一方面放开“特需”价格对患者的影响仅是少数;另外对医院而言,并不会挤占普通医疗的比例,只是令价格的确定更加合理。

资料显示,最初的“特需医疗”出现在改革开放之后。当时,为适应一部分高收入人群的特殊需求,部分公立医院开始在门诊挂号、住院条件、护理等方面尝试给高端客户提供特别需求服务,收费标准相应提高。另外,一些在京公立医院的特需医疗服务始于“外宾”的就诊服务需求。

 北京公立医院改革时间表

●2010年

将门头沟区医院确定为北京市第一家公立医院改革试点医院,通过购买服务的方式引进凤凰医疗集团开展重组-运营-移交(ROT)改革。

●2011年

成立北京市医院管理局,开启本市“管办分开”的探索。

●2012年

出台《北京市公立医院改革试点方案》,在全国率先启动大型公立医院综合改革试点。

●2013年开始

北京市医改办联合相关委办局、试点医院、专家团队成立联合调查评估组,对公立医院改革试点情况进行了系统评估,总结了试点经验与成效,分析了改革面临的主要问题,研究提出了下一步深化改革的具体建议,并形成了政府和第三方双“1 6”评估报告(“1”是总报告,“6”是管办分开、医药分开、法人治理运行机制、医保调节机制、财政价格补偿机制、创新医疗服务模式6个专题报告)。

●2015年开始

在对前期改革试点评估基础上,结合国家《关于城市公立医院综合改革试点的指导意见》(国办发〔2015〕38号)和新形势、新要求,对公立医院改革进行了顶层设计,研究制定了北京市公立医院综合改革三年行动计划,明确了2015-2017年重点任务安排。

●2016年

出台《北京市城市公立医院综合改革实施方案》(京政发〔2016〕10号)对城市公立医院综合改革进行了全面部署,改革进入全面深化新阶段。

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