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发改委回应“成品油价格为什么设置上下限”

2016-01-13 16:45:43   中国新闻网

因此,为减轻国际市场油价过高或过低对国内市场的影响,保障国内能源长期安全,有必要对国内成品油价格机制设置调控上下限。调控上限为每桶130美元,下限为每桶40美元,即当国际市场油价高于每桶130美元时,汽、柴油最高零售价格不提或少提;低于40美元时,汽、柴油最高零售价格不降低;在40美元-130美元之间运行时,国内成品油价格按机制正常调整,该涨就涨,该降就降。

问:为什么将调控下限定为每桶40美元?当国际市场油价低于调控下限时,国内成品油价格未调金额将如何使用?

答:将调控下限设定为每桶40美元,是综合考虑国内原油开采成本、国际市场油价长期走势,以及我国能源政策等因素确定的。据相关机构统计,国际主要石油企业的平均原油生产成本在每桶40美元左右,因资源禀赋等原因,我国原油生产成本更高。生产成本是决定国际油价长期走势的主要因素。目前看,将每桶40美元设定为调控下限是合适的。

为减缓油价波动带来的不利影响,建立油价调控风险准备金。当国际市场油价低于调控下限时,国内成品油价格未调金额全部纳入风险准备金,主要用于促进节能减排、提升油品质量及保障石油供应安全等方面。

问:此次成品油价格降低幅度是如何确定的?

答:去年12月15日国家暂缓调整成品油价格时,国内成品油价格对应的国际市场原油价格略高于每桶40美元。因此,根据完善后的价格机制,国内成品油价格还有一定下调空间。按此,汽、柴油价格每吨可分别降低140元和135元,测算到全国平均零售价格90号汽油和0号柴油每升分别降低0.10元和0.11元。

问:此次在推进成品油价格市场化改革方面有何新的举措?下一步有何打算?

答:此次随成品油价格机制的完善,国家决定进一步推进价格市场化改革。一是放开液化石油气出厂价格。主要是考虑国内炼油能力增长以及进口资源增多,液化石油气供应充足,市场销售价格持续低于国家规定的上限价格水平。二是简化成品油调价操作。将目前由国家发展改革委印发调价通知改为以信息稿形式对外发布调价信息。这些市场化措施,都是希望逐步放松价格管制,为将来全面放开成品油价格积累经验。

下一步,国家将结合石油天然气体制改革进程,适时全面放开成品油价格。

问:如何保障完善后的机制平稳运行?

答:国家将采取积极措施,确保完善后的机制平稳运行。一是确保市场供应。要求生产经营企业组织好原油和成品油生产和调运,保持合理库存,加强综合协调和应急调度,保障市场稳定供应。二是维护秩序稳定。要求生产经营企业严格执行国家价格政策,自觉维护市场价格秩序。各级价格主管部门加强市场监管,严厉打击价格违法行为。三是加强市场监测。密切跟踪新机制运行情况,及时协调解决机制运行中的矛盾和问题,确保新机制平稳运行。

责任编辑:张晓伟 CN042
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