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NASA:2028年四名宇航员将"重返月球" 并停留7天

2019-02-18 07:55:08   科技日报 

近日,美国国家航空航天局(NASA)发布正式公告,号召私营企业参与载人登月技术研发。此外,NASA还公布了2028年在私营企业协助下实现重返月球计划的宏伟路线图。

根据NASA发布的“广泛机构公告(BAA)”,要求私营企业在2019年3月25日之前提出登月系统登陆舱、太空加油系统和转运飞船的设计概念,期限只有一个多月。5月,NASA将从参与企业中选出数家进入6个月的初步研究和开发阶段,每家公司可获得高达900万美元的资助。根据该阶段取得的进展,NASA将至少选择两家公司进入任务示范阶段,开始实体建造试验,被选中的公司将获得高达数亿美元的资助。根据公司规模,这些公司将被要求承担至少10%—20%的开发成本。

NASA表示,这一项目的灵感来自商业轨道交通服务项目(COTS)。数年来,该项目同时支持了SpaceX公司的“龙”飞船和轨道科学公司(ATK)的“天鹅座”飞船的开发,两种飞船都被用于为国际空间站运送补给物资。NASA则为每次服务支付费用。

日前,NASA局长吉姆·布里登斯廷在媒体圆桌会议上宣布,NASA计划于2024年进行第一次演示任务,包括登陆舱从月球轨道空间站(GateWay)出发在月面着陆;2026年,将进行第二次演示任务,着陆器由登陆舱和上升舱组成,转运飞船先将着陆器运到距离月面100公里的环月轨道上,着陆器着陆开展探测任务,任务结束后再由上升舱提供动力返回GateWay。2028年,4名宇航员将按照上述技术方案“重返月球”,并在月球上停留7天。

布里登斯廷表示,此次登月我们不会只留下旗帜和脚印,然后回家,50年不再去,而是会留在那里。我们将建设可持续的、可重复使用的月球系统。该系统包括支持人类居住、工作、以及燃料生产设施。我们将消除风险、改进技术,并尽可能多地将这些技术搬上火星。

责任编辑:梁云娇 CN079
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